{"id":112,"date":"2025-10-31T00:25:51","date_gmt":"2025-10-31T00:25:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/glossary\/electrical-unbalance\/"},"modified":"2026-05-29T15:58:09","modified_gmt":"2026-05-29T15:58:09","slug":"electrical-unbalance","status":"publish","type":"glossary","link":"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/az\/glossary\/electrical-unbalance\/","title":{"rendered":"Elektrik balanss\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 n\u0259dir? M\u00fch\u0259rrikl\u0259rd\u0259 Faza Disbalans\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

Elektrik balanss\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015fa d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259k<\/h1>\n\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"Balanset-1A\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tCihazlar<\/a><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPortativ balansla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 v\u0259 vibrasiya analizatoru Balanset-1A<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
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\u20ac<\/span>1,975.00<\/span> + \u018fDV (t\u0259tbiq olunarsa)<\/h4><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/a>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>Add to cart<\/a>\t\n\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"Balanset-1A\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tHiss\u0259l\u0259r<\/a><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tVibrasiya sensoru<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
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\u20ac<\/span>90.00<\/span> + \u018fDV (t\u0259tbiq olunarsa)<\/h4><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/a>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>Add to cart<\/a>\t\n\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"Optik\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tHiss\u0259l\u0259r<\/a><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tOptik Sensor (Lazer Taxometr)<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
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\u20ac<\/span>124.00<\/span> + \u018fDV (t\u0259tbiq olunarsa)<\/h4><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/a>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>Add to cart<\/a>\t\n\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"Vibromera\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tCihazlar<\/a><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tBalanset-4<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
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\u20ac<\/span>6,803.00<\/span> + \u018fDV (t\u0259tbiq olunarsa)<\/h4><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/a>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>Add to cart<\/a>\t\n\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"Maqnit\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tHiss\u0259l\u0259r<\/a><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMaqnit dayaq Insize-60-kgf<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
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\u20ac<\/span>46.00<\/span> + \u018fDV (t\u0259tbiq olunarsa)<\/h4><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/a>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>Add to cart<\/a>\t\n\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"Yans\u0131t\u0131c\u0131\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tHiss\u0259l\u0259r<\/a><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tYans\u0131t\u0131c\u0131 lent<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
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\u20ac<\/span>10.00<\/span> + \u018fDV (t\u0259tbiq olunarsa)<\/h4><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/a>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>Add to cart<\/a>\t\n\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"Balanset-1A\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tCihazlar<\/a><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tDinamik balansla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 \"Balanset-1A\" OEM<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
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\u20ac<\/span>1,735.00<\/span> + \u018fDV (t\u0259tbiq olunarsa)<\/h4><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/a>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>Add to cart<\/a>\t\n\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\n

Elektrik balanss\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong> \u2014 h\u0259m\u00e7inin adland\u0131r\u0131lan Faza qeyri-b\u0259rab\u0259rliyi<\/strong>, faza qeyri-b\u0259rab\u0259rliyi<\/strong>, G\u0259rginlik balanss\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong> or Cari balanss\u0131zl\u0131q<\/strong> \u2014 \u00fc\u00e7 fazal\u0131 sistemd\u0259 fazalardak\u0131 g\u0259rginlikl\u0259rin v\u0259 ya c\u0259r\u0259yanlar\u0131n qiym\u0259tc\u0259 b\u0259rab\u0259r olmamas\u0131 v\u0259 ya bir-birind\u0259n d\u0259qiq 120 elektrik d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259 il\u0259 ayr\u0131lmamas\u0131 v\u0259ziyy\u0259tidir. Bu asimmetriya, ist\u0259r enerji t\u0259chizat\u0131ndan, ist\u0259rs\u0259 d\u0259 daxilind\u0259 yaranan m\u00fch\u0259rrik<\/a> Bobinl\u0259r balanss\u0131z elektromaqnit q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259ri, h\u0259ddind\u0259n art\u0131q bobin istil\u0259\u015fm\u0259si, m\u0259nfi ard\u0131c\u0131ll\u0131ql\u0131 c\u0259r\u0259yanlar, f\u0131rlanma momenti pulsasiyalar\u0131 v\u0259 xarakteristikas\u0131 yarad\u0131r. vibrasiya<\/a> iki d\u0259f\u0259 x\u0259tt tezliyi<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Elektrik balanss\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 aldat\u0131c\u0131 ed\u0259n amil bu t\u0259sir g\u00fcc\u00fcd\u00fcr: h\u0259tta 2\u20133%-lik ki\u00e7ik g\u0259rginlik balanss\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 c\u0259r\u0259yan balanss\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 alt\u0131-on d\u0259f\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcd\u0259 yarada, m\u00fch\u0259rrikin s\u0259m\u0259r\u0259liliyini, istilik marjas\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 izolyasiyan\u0131n \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc s\u0259ssizc\u0259 azalda bil\u0259r. Bu, s\u0259naye obyektl\u0259rind\u0259 \u0259n \u00e7ox rast g\u0259lin\u0259n \u2014 v\u0259 \u0259n \u00e7ox n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259n qa\u00e7an \u2014 probleml\u0259rd\u0259n biridir; o, enerji t\u0259chizat\u0131 probleml\u0259rind\u0259n, zavod daxilind\u0259 paylanman\u0131n pis olmas\u0131ndan v\u0259 ya m\u00fch\u0259rrikin \u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259ki q\u00fcsurlardan yaran\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnki onun vibrasiya imzas\u0131 bir ne\u00e7\u0259 h\u0259qiq\u0259t\u0259n mexaniki nasazl\u0131qla eyni tezlikl\u0259ri payla\u015fd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn, texniki xidm\u0259t komandas\u0131n\u0131n qar\u015f\u0131la\u015fd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0259n \u00e7ox s\u0259hv diaqnoz qoyulan hallardan biridir.<\/p>\n

1. Faza disbalans\u0131 n\u0259dir? G\u0259rginlik, c\u0259r\u0259yan v\u0259 faza buca\u011f\u0131 disbalans\u0131<\/h2>\n

\u201cFaza qeyri-simmetriyas\u0131\u201d eyni v\u0259ziyy\u0259tin g\u00fcnd\u0259lik sexd\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259dil\u0259n ad\u0131d\u0131r v\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7 f\u0259rqli, lakin bir-biri il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259li formada ortaya \u00e7\u0131x\u0131r. Hans\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7d\u00fcy\u00fcn\u00fcz\u00fc bilm\u0259k vacibdir: g\u0259rginlik qeyri-simmetriyas\u0131 enerji t\u0259chizat\u0131n\u0131n motora t\u0259tbiq etdiyi s\u0259b\u0259bdir, c\u0259r\u0259yan qeyri-simmetriyas\u0131 is\u0259 g\u00fccl\u0259ndirilmi\u015fdir t\u0259sir<\/em> Motor cavab ver\u0259rk\u0259n z\u0259r\u0259r \u00e7\u0259kir.<\/p>\n

G\u0259rginlik balanss\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/h3>\n

G\u0259rginlik balanss\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7 x\u0259tt-x\u0259tt (v\u0259 ya x\u0259tt-neytral) g\u0259rginlikl\u0259r aras\u0131ndak\u0131 b\u0259rab\u0259rsizlikdir. O, h\u0259r faz c\u00fct\u00fc \u2014 AB, BC v\u0259 CA \u2014 aras\u0131ndak\u0131 g\u0259rginlik \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u0259r\u0259k m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n edilir v\u0259 NEMA t\u0259rifin\u0259 \u0259sas\u0259n faizl\u0259 ifad\u0259 olunur: % g\u0259rginlik balanss\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 = (orta d\u0259y\u0259rd\u0259n maksimum sapma \u00f7 orta d\u0259y\u0259r) \u00d7 100<\/strong>. \u0130\u015fl\u0259nmi\u015f n\u00fcmun\u0259 kimi, 477 V, 480 V v\u0259 483 V fazlar\u0131n\u0131n orta d\u0259y\u0259ri 480 V-dur; maksimum sapma 3 V-dur, bu da 0.625% balanss\u0131zl\u0131q dem\u0259kdir. NEMA MG-1 1%-d\u0259n a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 h\u0259r \u015feyi q\u0259bul edil\u0259n hesab edir, IEC t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259si is\u0259 t\u0259xmin\u0259n 2%-y\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r d\u00f6z\u00fcr. G\u0259rginlik balanss\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilk n\u00f6vb\u0259d\u0259 izl\u0259nm\u0259li parametrdir, \u00e7\u00fcnki o, sonrak\u0131 dem\u0259k olar ki, h\u0259r \u015feyin \u0259sas s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcs\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Cari balanss\u0131zl\u0131q<\/h3>\n

Cari balanss\u0131zl\u0131q \u00fc\u00e7 fazal\u0131 c\u0259r\u0259yanlar\u0131n b\u0259rab\u0259rsizliyidir (IA<\/sub>, m\u0259nB<\/sub>, m\u0259nC<\/sub>), klamp ampermetrl\u0259 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcb v\u0259 eyni maksimum sapma formuluna \u0259sas\u0259n hesablan\u0131b. C\u0259r\u0259yan balanss\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u0259sas x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259ti onun h\u0259ssasl\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r: \u00e7\u00fcnki m\u00fch\u0259rrikin m\u0259nfi ard\u0131c\u0131ll\u0131q impedans\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131d\u0131r, m\u00fclayim g\u0259rginlik balanss\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u0259xmin\u0259n c\u0259r\u0259yan balanss\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131na b\u00f6y\u00fcd\u00fcl\u00fcr alt\u0131-d\u0259n on d\u0259f\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck<\/strong>. Bel\u0259likl\u0259, dem\u0259k olar ki, n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 \u00e7arpmayan 1% g\u0259rginlik balanss\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 6\u201310% c\u0259r\u0259yan balanss\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kimi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u0259 bil\u0259r \u2014 m\u0259hz buna g\u00f6r\u0259 c\u0259r\u0259yan daha h\u0259ssas erk\u0259n x\u0259b\u0259rdarl\u0131q \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcd\u00fcr v\u0259 \u00fcmumilikd\u0259 sabit olan enerji t\u0259chizat\u0131 n\u00f6qt\u0259sind\u0259 artan c\u0259r\u0259yan balanss\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u00fch\u0259rrik daxilind\u0259 inki\u015faf ed\u0259n nasazl\u0131\u011fa i\u015far\u0259 edir.<\/p>\n

Faza-bucaq asimmetriyas\u0131<\/h3>\n

\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc forma bucaql\u0131d\u0131r: \u00fc\u00e7 fazor art\u0131q d\u0259qiq 120\u00b0-l\u0259 ayr\u0131lm\u0131r, h\u0259tta onlar\u0131n modullar\u0131 b\u0259rab\u0259r olsa bel\u0259. Bu, modul balanss\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan daha nadir rast g\u0259linir v\u0259 sad\u0259 voltmetrl\u0259 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u0259 bilm\u0259z \u2014 fazor m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259rini ay\u0131rd ed\u0259 bil\u0259n enerji keyfiyy\u0259ti analizatoru t\u0259l\u0259b olunur. Bucaql\u0131 balanss\u0131zl\u0131q modul balanss\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kimi eyni d\u00f6y\u00fcnt\u00fcl\u00fc f\u0131rlanma momenti v\u0259 \u0259lav\u0259 istilik yarad\u0131r v\u0259 bu ikisi \u00e7ox vaxt birlikd\u0259 ba\u015f verir.<\/p>\n

2. Elektrik balanss\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fch\u0259rrikl\u0259rd\u0259 titr\u0259m\u0259 yaratmas\u0131<\/h2>\n

Elektrik asimmetriyas\u0131 il\u0259 mexaniki titr\u0259m\u0259 aras\u0131ndak\u0131 \u0259laq\u0259 hava bo\u015flu\u011funun maqnit sah\u0259si vasit\u0259sil\u0259 qurulur. Tarazl\u0131 ma\u015f\u0131nda f\u0131rlanan sah\u0259 hamar olur v\u0259 radial maqnit q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259ri sabit, simmetrik \u00e7\u0259kim\u0259 b\u0259rab\u0259r olur. Balanss\u0131zl\u0131q bu simmetriyan\u0131 pozur v\u0259 bir m\u0259nfi ard\u0131c\u0131ll\u0131q<\/em> komponent \u2014 \u0259sas sah\u0259y\u0259 nisb\u0259t\u0259n \u0259ks istiqam\u0259td\u0259 f\u0131rlanan bir sah\u0259 \u2014 ona qar\u015f\u0131 t\u0259sir edir v\u0259 maqnit q\u00fcvv\u0259sini modulyasiya edir.<\/p>\n

H\u00f6k\u00fcmdar n\u0259tic\u0259 vibrasiyad\u0131r X\u0259tt tezliyinin ikiqat\u0131<\/strong>50 Hz enerji t\u0259chizat\u0131 \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 100 Hz, v\u0259 ya 60 Hz enerji t\u0259chizat\u0131 \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 120 Hz. Bu 2\u00d7 x\u0259tt komponenti tamamil\u0259 elektromaqnit m\u0259n\u015f\u0259lidir \u2014 o, boyunca d\u00f6y\u00fcn\u0259n c\u0259lb edici q\u00fcvv\u0259dir hava bo\u015flu\u011fu<\/a>, f\u0131rlanan k\u00fctl\u0259d\u0259n mexaniki q\u00fcvv\u0259 deyil. Onun amplitudu balanss\u0131zl\u0131q d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259si il\u0259 art\u0131r, bel\u0259likl\u0259, pisl\u0259\u015f\u0259n enerji t\u0259chizat\u0131 v\u0259 ya inki\u015faf ed\u0259n sar\u011f\u0131 q\u00fcsuru 100\/120 Hz-lik davaml\u0131 y\u00fcks\u0259l\u0259n zirv\u0259 \u015f\u0259klind\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr. spektr<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\u0130kinci, daha inc\u0259 imza g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr 1 \u00d7 qa\u00e7\u0131\u015f s\u00fcr\u0259ti<\/strong>, s\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f-qutup-ke\u00e7m\u0259 tezliyi (qutup say\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f tezliyi il\u0259 vurulmas\u0131) il\u0259 modulyasiya olunur. Bu qutup-ke\u00e7m\u0259 modulyasiyas\u0131 i\u015fl\u0259m\u0259 s\u00fcr\u0259ti zirv\u0259sinin \u0259traf\u0131nda yan zolaqlar yarad\u0131r v\u0259 rotorla \u0259laq\u0259li elektrik probleml\u0259rinin, m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, klassik barmaq izidir. q\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f rotor \u00e7ubuqlar\u0131<\/a>. Bu yan zolaqlar\u0131 d\u00fczg\u00fcn oxumaq analitikin t\u0259chizat t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259ki balanss\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 rotorun \u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259ki q\u00fcsurdan ay\u0131rmas\u0131na imkan verir.<\/p>\n

3. Elektrik v\u0259 mexaniki balanss\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ay\u0131rd etm\u0259k<\/h2>\n

\u00c7\u00fcnki elektromaqnit 2\u00d7 x\u0259tt tezliyi komponenti ikiq\u00fctbl\u00fc motorda i\u015fl\u0259m\u0259 s\u00fcr\u0259tinin ikiqat\u0131 s\u0259viyy\u0259sin\u0259 \u00e7ox yax\u0131n yerl\u0259\u015fdiyind\u0259n, o, rutin olaraq mexaniki nasazl\u0131qlarla, m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, hizalanma pozuntusu<\/a> v\u0259 ya bo\u015fluq, hans\u0131 ki, ox s\u00fcr\u0259tinin ikiqat enerjisini d\u0259 yarad\u0131r. Onlar\u0131 ay\u0131rd etm\u0259k m\u00fch\u0259rrik titr\u0259m\u0259si diaqnostikas\u0131nda \u0259n faydal\u0131 bacar\u0131qd\u0131r v\u0259 bunun \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn iki etibarl\u0131 test m\u00f6vcuddur.<\/p>\n

Birincisi tezlik d\u0259qiqliyi<\/strong>. Elektrik komponenti \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259y\u0259 kilidl\u0259nir tam olaraq<\/em> 100 Hz v\u0259 ya 120 Hz, halbuki mexaniki 2\u00d7 faktiki i\u015fl\u0259m\u0259 s\u00fcr\u0259tinin ikiqat\u0131nda yerl\u0259\u015fir \u2014 induksiya m\u00fch\u0259rrikinin s\u00fcr\u00fc\u015fm\u0259si s\u0259b\u0259bind\u0259n bu h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 sinxron s\u00fcr\u0259tin ikiqat\u0131ndan bir q\u0259d\u0259r a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 olur. Kifay\u0259t q\u0259d\u0259r spektral ay\u0131rdetm\u0259 olduqda zirv\u0259l\u0259r ayr\u0131l\u0131r: y\u00fck d\u0259yi\u015fdikc\u0259 h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t etm\u0259y\u0259n zirv\u0259 elektrik, \u015faft s\u00fcr\u0259tin\u0259 uy\u011fun h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t ed\u0259n zirv\u0259 is\u0259 mexaniki olur.<\/p>\n

\u0130kincisi \u2014 v\u0259 \u0259n q\u0259tiyy\u0259ti \u2014 s\u00f6nd\u00fcrm\u0259 testi<\/strong>. \u015e\u00fcbh\u0259lini real vaxt rejimind\u0259 izl\u0259yin v\u0259 motora enerji verili\u015fini k\u0259sin. H\u0259qiqi elektrik komponenti D\u0259rhal yox olur<\/em> S\u00f6nd\u00fcrm\u0259 zaman\u0131, \u00e7\u00fcnki maqnit m\u0259cburiyy\u0259ti c\u0259r\u0259yan dayanan anda yox olur, halbuki mexaniki komponent rotor yava\u015flayark\u0259n t\u0259dric\u0259n azal\u0131r. Bu ani yox olma testi elektrik m\u0259n\u015f\u0259yini t\u0259sdiql\u0259m\u0259yin klassik, q\u0259ti \u00fcsuludur v\u0259 yaln\u0131z canl\u0131 spektr n\u00fcmayi\u015fi il\u0259 dayand\u0131rma d\u00fcym\u0259sini t\u0259l\u0259b edir.<\/p>\n

4. Elektrik balanss\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259ri<\/h2>\n

Balanss\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259ri t\u0259bii olaraq \u00fc\u00e7 qatda yerl\u0259\u015fir, \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259d\u0259n ma\u015f\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7in\u0259 do\u011fru h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t edir.<\/p>\n

Kommunal T\u0259chizat Probleml\u0259ri<\/h3>\n

T\u0259chizat t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259 balanss\u0131zl\u0131q ad\u0259t\u0259n balanss\u0131z paylay\u0131c\u0131 transformatorlardan, \u00fc\u00e7 fazal\u0131 xidm\u0259tin bir fazas\u0131na qo\u015fulmu\u015f b\u00f6y\u00fck t\u0259k fazal\u0131 y\u00fckl\u0259rd\u0259n, uzun \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc x\u0259tl\u0259rd\u0259ki b\u0259rab\u0259r olmayan impedansdan v\u0259 ya daha geni\u015f kommunal nasazl\u0131q \u015f\u0259raitind\u0259n yaran\u0131r. Bunlar g\u00fcc h\u0259l\u0259 binaya daxil olmadan \u0259vv\u0259l m\u00f6vcud olan g\u0259rginlik balanss\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yarad\u0131r v\u0259 onlar xidm\u0259t giri\u015find\u0259 \u00f6l\u00e7m\u0259kl\u0259 a\u015fkarlan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Obyektl\u0259rin paylanmas\u0131<\/h3>\n

Zavod daxilind\u0259 \u0259n \u00e7ox rast g\u0259lin\u0259n s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259r bir fazada t\u0259k y\u00fcks\u0259k m\u00fcqavim\u0259tli ba\u011flant\u0131, qism\u0259n fazan\u0131 itir\u0259n yanm\u0131\u015f sigorta, ke\u00e7iricil\u0259r\u0259 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif impedanslar ver\u0259n b\u0259rab\u0259r olmayan kabel uzunluqlar\u0131 v\u0259 ya \u2014 \u0259n k\u0259skin halda \u2014 t\u0259k fazal\u0131 i\u015fl\u0259m\u0259, y\u0259ni bir fazan\u0131n tam itirilm\u0259sidir. Bu s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259r aras\u0131nda \u0259n tez-tez rast g\u0259lin\u0259n v\u0259 \u0259n asan d\u00fcz\u0259l\u0259n bo\u015f v\u0259 ya korroziyaya u\u011fram\u0131\u015f terminal olub, o, birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259 istil\u0259ndikc\u0259 y\u00fck alt\u0131nda pisl\u0259\u015f\u0259n balanss\u0131zl\u0131q \u015f\u0259klind\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6st\u0259rir.<\/p>\n

Motor-daxili s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259r<\/h3>\n

T\u0259chizat\u0131n balansl\u0131 oldu\u011fu, lakin c\u0259r\u0259yan\u0131n balansl\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u0259sdiql\u0259n\u0259nd\u0259, nasazl\u0131q motorda olur. D\u00f6vranlararas\u0131 q\u0131saqapanmalar bir fazadak\u0131 effektiv d\u00f6vrl\u0259rin say\u0131n\u0131 azald\u0131r; istehsal zaman\u0131 yaranan f\u0259rql\u0259r sar\u011f\u0131 m\u00fcqavim\u0259tl\u0259rinin bir q\u0259d\u0259r b\u0259rab\u0259rsiz olmas\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b ola bil\u0259r; terminal birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259l\u0259ri pisl\u0259\u015fir; z\u0259d\u0259l\u0259nmi\u015f sar\u011f\u0131da qism\u0259n q\u0131saqapanma v\u0259 ya a\u00e7\u0131q d\u00f6vr\u0259l\u0259r ciddi asimmetriya yarad\u0131r \u2014 b\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar daha geni\u015f stator dolama q\u00fcsurlar\u0131<\/a>. Hava bo\u015flu\u011fu ekssentrikliyi \u2014 rotorun borunun m\u0259rk\u0259zind\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015fm\u0259m\u0259si \u2014 \u0259laq\u0259li bir elektromaqnit s\u0259b\u0259bidir, \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn balanss\u0131z maqnit cazib\u0259sini yarad\u0131r v\u0259 tez-tez dolama probleml\u0259ri il\u0259 m\u00fc\u015fayi\u0259t olunur.<\/p>\n

5. Motor performans\u0131na t\u0259sirl\u0259r<\/h2>\n

H\u0259ddind\u0259n art\u0131q istil\u0259\u015fm\u0259<\/h3>\n

A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 istil\u0259\u015fm\u0259 \u0259n ciddi n\u0259tic\u0259dir v\u0259 balanss\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n m\u00fch\u0259rrikl\u0259ri s\u0131radan \u00e7\u0131xarmas\u0131n\u0131n mexanizmidir. Asimmetriya \u0259lav\u0259 istilik yayd\u0131ran m\u0259nfi ard\u0131c\u0131ll\u0131q c\u0259r\u0259yanlar\u0131 yarad\u0131r, eyni zamanda fazalardan biri n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutuldu\u011fundan qat-qat \u00e7ox c\u0259r\u0259yan da\u015f\u0131y\u0131r. Temperaturan\u0131n art\u0131m\u0131 s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259 nisb\u0259td\u0259 uy\u011fun g\u0259lmir: t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259 qaydalar\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259, 3% g\u0259rginlik balanss\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bobinan\u0131n temperaturunu 18\u201325% q\u0259d\u0259r y\u00fcks\u0259ld\u0259 bil\u0259r. \u00c7\u00fcnki izolyasiyan\u0131n \u00f6mr\u00fc h\u0259r \u0259lav\u0259 10 \u00b0C \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn t\u0259xmin\u0259n yar\u0131ya enir, n\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259 izolyasiya s\u00fcr\u0259tl\u0259 k\u00f6hn\u0259lir v\u0259 vaxt\u0131ndan \u0259vv\u0259l s\u0131radan \u00e7\u0131x\u0131r \u2014 3% g\u0259rginlik balanss\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u00fch\u0259rrikin \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc yar\u0131ya q\u0259d\u0259r azalda bil\u0259r.<\/p>\n

S\u0259m\u0259r\u0259lilik, g\u00fcc faktoru v\u0259 enerji x\u0259rci<\/h3>\n

Balanss\u0131zl\u0131q faydal\u0131 i\u015f g\u00f6rm\u0259y\u0259n d\u00f6vr ed\u0259n v\u0259 m\u0259nfi ard\u0131c\u0131ll\u0131ql\u0131 c\u0259r\u0259yanlar vasit\u0259sil\u0259 s\u0259m\u0259r\u0259liliyi azald\u0131r, g\u00fcc faktorunu a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 sal\u0131r v\u0259 \u00fcmumi enerji istehlak\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131r \u2014 tipik orta s\u0259viyy\u0259li balanss\u0131zl\u0131q s\u0259m\u0259r\u0259lilikd\u0259 1\u20132% itkisin\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b olur. \u018flav\u0259 enerji \u00e7\u0259kimi fasil\u0259siz bir il \u0259rzind\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259y\u0259rk\u0259n asanl\u0131qla az qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndiril\u0259 bil\u0259r; \u00dc\u00e7 Fazal\u0131 Motor G\u00fcc\u00fc Kalkulyatoru<\/a> Balanss\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n israf etdiyi \u0259lav\u0259 giri\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc \u00f6l\u00e7m\u0259y\u0259 k\u00f6m\u0259k edir.<\/p>\n

A\u011f\u0131rl\u0131q momentinin pulsasiyalar\u0131 v\u0259 titr\u0259m\u0259<\/h3>\n

Elektrik c\u0259h\u0259td\u0259n, m\u0259nfi ard\u0131c\u0131ll\u0131q sah\u0259si x\u0259tt tezliyinin ikiqat tezliyind\u0259 d\u00f6y\u00fcn\u0259n f\u0131rlanma momenti yarad\u0131r ki, bu da s\u00fcr\u00fcr burulma vibrasiyas\u0131<\/a> s\u00fcr\u0259t \u00f6t\u00fcrm\u0259 sistemind\u0259 v\u0259 burulma titre\u015fm\u0259si yarada bil\u0259r rezonanslar<\/a>. Radial istiqam\u0259td\u0259 eyni m\u0259cburiyy\u0259t yuxar\u0131da t\u0259svir olunan 100\/120 Hz titr\u0259m\u0259 \u015f\u0259klind\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr; onun amplitudu balanss\u0131zl\u0131q d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259sin\u0259 m\u00fct\u0259nasibdir v\u0259 ham\u0131s\u0131 eyni elektrik tezlikl\u0259rind\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259diyin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 asanl\u0131qla stator q\u00fcsurlar\u0131 v\u0259 ya maqnit c\u0259lbi il\u0259 s\u0259hv sal\u0131na bil\u0259r.<\/p>\n

Azald\u0131lm\u0131\u015f xidm\u0259t m\u00fcdd\u0259ti v\u0259 g\u00fcc azald\u0131lmas\u0131<\/h3>\n

\u00dcmumilikd\u0259 g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fckd\u0259, termal g\u0259rginlik izolyasiyan\u0131n \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc q\u0131sald\u0131r v\u0259 m\u00fch\u0259rriki nominal g\u00f6st\u0259ricil\u0259rind\u0259n a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 i\u015fl\u0259m\u0259y\u0259 m\u0259cbur edir. NEMA bunu birba\u015fa bir azald\u0131lma \u0259yrisi<\/strong>1% g\u0259rginlik balanss\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan yuxar\u0131 olduqda m\u00fch\u0259rrikin istifad\u0259 olunan g\u00fcc\u00fc azald\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r, 5% balanss\u0131zl\u0131qda is\u0259 deratinasiya \u0259msal\u0131 t\u0259xmin\u0259n 0,75-\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr \u2014 bu, m\u00fch\u0259rrikin nominal \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn d\u00f6rdd\u0259 birinin sad\u0259c\u0259 termal limitl\u0259r daxilind\u0259 qalmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn qurban verilm\u0259si dem\u0259kdir.<\/p>\n

6. G\u0259rginlik v\u0259 c\u0259r\u0259yan balanss\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn NEMA v\u0259 IEC limitl\u0259ri<\/h2>\n

\u0130ki standart q\u0259bul edil\u0259 bil\u0259n h\u0259dl\u0259ri m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n edir v\u0259 onlar bir q\u0259d\u0259r f\u0259rqli t\u0259rifl\u0259rd\u0259n istifad\u0259 edir, buna g\u00f6r\u0259 \u00f6l\u00e7m\u0259nin hans\u0131 standart\u0131 izl\u0259diyini d\u0259qiq g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259k vacibdir.<\/p>\n

NEMA MG-1<\/strong> G\u0259rginlik balanss\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 orta d\u0259y\u0259rd\u0259n sapman\u0131n maksimum m\u0259bl\u0259\u011fini orta d\u0259y\u0259r\u0259 b\u00f6lm\u0259kl\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n edir (bu m\u0259qal\u0259 boyunca istifad\u0259 olunan formula) v\u0259 m\u00fch\u0259rrikl\u0259ri \u0259n \u00e7ox ... olan enerji t\u0259chizat\u0131 il\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259tm\u0259yi t\u00f6vsiy\u0259 edir 1% g\u0259rginlik balanss\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong>. Bundan \u0259lav\u0259, NEMA m\u00fch\u0259rrikin onun d\u0259rc olunmu\u015f \u0259yrisi boyunca g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn azald\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259l\u0259b edir; o, bunu a\u00e7\u0131q \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 m\u0259sl\u0259h\u0259t g\u00f6r\u00fcr. qar\u015f\u0131<\/em> G\u0259rginlik balanss\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 5%-d\u0259n \u00e7ox olan m\u00fch\u0259rriki i\u015fl\u0259tm\u0259k.<\/p>\n

Beyn\u0259lxalq Elektrik Texnikas\u0131 Komissiyas\u0131<\/strong> simmetrik komponent t\u0259rifind\u0259n istifad\u0259 edir \u2014 m\u0259nfi ard\u0131c\u0131ll\u0131q g\u0259rginliyinin m\u00fcsb\u0259t ard\u0131c\u0131ll\u0131q g\u0259rginliyin\u0259 nisb\u0259ti \u2014 v\u0259 \u00fcmumiyy\u0259tl\u0259 t\u0259xmin\u0259n q\u0259d\u0259r d\u00f6z\u00fcr 2%<\/strong> Davaml\u0131 i\u015f rejimind\u0259. Praktikada rast g\u0259lin\u0259n ki\u00e7ik balanss\u0131zl\u0131qlar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn h\u0259r iki t\u0259rif ox\u015far r\u0259q\u0259ml\u0259r verir, lakin hesabat v\u0259 q\u0259bul s\u0131naqlar\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn hans\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6st\u0259rildiyi vacibdir.<\/p>\n

C\u0259r\u0259yan \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn t\u0259k bir universal h\u0259d yoxdur, lakin geni\u015f istifad\u0259 olunan sah\u0259 t\u0259limat\u0131 c\u0259r\u0259yan balanss\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259xmin\u0259n a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da saxlama\u011f\u0131 t\u00f6vsiy\u0259 edir 10%<\/strong>, yuxar\u0131da g\u00f6st\u0259ril\u0259nl\u0259ri ara\u015fd\u0131r\u0131n v\u0259 ondan k\u0259narda olan h\u0259r \u015feyi inki\u015faf ed\u0259n q\u00fcsur kimi q\u0259bul edin. Alt\u0131-d\u0259n on d\u0259f\u0259 g\u00fccl\u0259ndirm\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259bind\u0259n NEMA 1% h\u0259d\u0259fi alt\u0131nda g\u0259rginlik balanss\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 saxlamaq, c\u0259r\u0259yan balanss\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bu diapazon daxilind\u0259 saxlama\u011f\u0131n \u0259n effektiv yoludur. The Motor Namlik C\u0259r\u0259yan Kalkulyatoru<\/a> H\u0259r fazan\u0131 m\u00fcqayis\u0259 etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn g\u00f6zl\u0259nil\u0259n tam y\u00fck c\u0259r\u0259yan\u0131n\u0131 verir.<\/p>\n

7. A\u015fkar etm\u0259 v\u0259 \u00f6l\u00e7m\u0259<\/h2>\n

G\u0259rginlik v\u0259 c\u0259r\u0259yan g\u00f6st\u0259ricil\u0259ri<\/h3>\n

Elektrik \u00f6l\u00e7m\u0259l\u0259rini m\u00fch\u0259rrik normal y\u00fckl\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259y\u0259rk\u0259n g\u00f6t\u00fcrm\u0259kl\u0259 ba\u015flay\u0131n. \u00dc\u00e7 x\u0259ttd\u0259n-x\u0259tt\u0259 g\u0259rginlikl\u0259ri oxuyun m\u00fch\u0259rrik terminallar\u0131<\/em> \u2014 enerji paylama paneli deyil \u2014 qidaland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 x\u0259tl\u0259r boyunca g\u0259rginlik d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259sini \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcn, sonra orta d\u0259y\u0259ri v\u0259 faiz sapman\u0131 hesablay\u0131n. Daha sonra h\u0259r faz c\u0259r\u0259yan\u0131n\u0131 klamp-metrl\u0259 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcn v\u0259 g\u00f6zl\u0259nil\u0259n d\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259 m\u00fcqayis\u0259 edin Ad l\u00f6vh\u0259si tam y\u00fck c\u0259r\u0259yan\u0131<\/a>, v\u0259 cari balanss\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 hesablamaq. H\u0259r iki d\u0259y\u0259ri zamanla s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259\u015fdirib trendini izl\u0259m\u0259k t\u0259k bir \u00f6l\u00e7m\u0259ni erk\u0259n x\u0259b\u0259rdarl\u0131q g\u00f6st\u0259ricisin\u0259 \u00e7evirir.<\/p>\n

Vibrasiya Analizi<\/h3>\n

Vibrasiya \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc elektrik balanss\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n h\u0259qiq\u0259t\u0259n strukturu \u00e7atd\u0131r\u0131b-\u00e7atmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 hans\u0131 \u015fidd\u0259td\u0259 oldu\u011funu t\u0259sdiql\u0259yir. Tutmaq spektr<\/a> Motor \u00e7\u0259r\u00e7iv\u0259sind\u0259 d\u0259qiq 100 Hz v\u0259 ya 120 Hz-d\u0259 y\u00fcks\u0259lmi\u015f zirv\u0259ni axtar\u0131n, onun amplitudas\u0131n\u0131 ma\u015f\u0131n\u0131n baza x\u0259tti il\u0259 m\u00fcqayis\u0259 edin v\u0259 hizalanma s\u0259hvind\u0259n yaranan mexaniki 2\u00d7-d\u0259n ay\u0131rmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn 3-c\u00fc b\u00f6lm\u0259nin tezlik-d\u0259qiqlik v\u0259 enerji k\u0259sintisi testl\u0259rind\u0259n istifad\u0259 edin. \u0130ki kanall\u0131 Vibrasiya analizatoru<\/a> Y\u00fcks\u0259k spektral ay\u0131rdetm\u0259y\u0259 malik cihaz d\u00fczg\u00fcn vasit\u0259dir, \u00e7\u00fcnki 100 Hz-lik x\u0259tt zirv\u0259sini 98\u201399 Hz-lik mexaniki zirv\u0259d\u0259n ay\u0131rmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn sad\u0259 \u00fcmumi s\u0259viyy\u0259\u00f6l\u00e7\u0259nin t\u0259min ed\u0259 bilm\u0259diyi ay\u0131rdetm\u0259 t\u0259l\u0259b olunur.<\/p>\n

Termal Monitorinq<\/h3>\n

N\u0259hay\u0259t, sar\u011f\u0131 v\u0259 ya \u00e7\u0259r\u00e7iv\u0259 temperaturlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcn v\u0259 fazalar aras\u0131ndak\u0131 temperatur uy\u011funsuzlu\u011funu v\u0259 ya y\u00fck\u00fcn t\u0259l\u0259b etdiyind\u0259n y\u00fcks\u0259k \u00fcmumi temperaturu axtar\u0131n. \u00c7\u00fcnki uy\u011funsuzlu\u011fun z\u0259r\u0259r verm\u0259 mexanizmi istilik oldu\u011fundan, istilik anomaliyas\u0131 tez-tez elektrik simptomlar\u0131 il\u0259 eyni vaxtda \u2014 h\u0259tta onlardan \u0259vv\u0259l \u2014 ortaya \u00e7\u0131x\u0131r.<\/p>\n

8. Vibrasiya analizatoru il\u0259 diaqnostika<\/h2>\n

Sah\u0259d\u0259 balanss\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n elektrik imzas\u0131 onun d\u0259qiq, \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259 tezliyin\u0259 kilidl\u0259nmi\u015f tezliyi il\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n edilir v\u0259 onu t\u0259miz \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 ay\u0131rd etm\u0259k portativ analizatorun i\u015fidir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, iki kanall\u0131 bir cihaz kimi Balanset-1A<\/a> Motor karkas\u0131nda vibrasiyan\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcr v\u0259 dominant zirv\u0259nin x\u0259tt\u0259 kilidl\u0259nmi\u015f 100 Hz-d\u0259 v\u0259 ya 120 Hz-d\u0259 \u2014 bu elektrik s\u0259b\u0259bi oldu\u011funu g\u00f6st\u0259rir \u2014 yoxsa 2\u00d7 i\u015fl\u0259m\u0259 s\u00fcr\u0259tind\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015fdiyini g\u00f6st\u0259rir, bu is\u0259 hizalanmama problemin\u0259 i\u015far\u0259 edir. Q\u0259ti t\u0259sdiq is\u0259 enerji k\u0259simi testidir: ekranda canl\u0131 spektr g\u00f6st\u0259ril\u0259rk\u0259n enerjini k\u0259sin v\u0259 \u015f\u00fcbh\u0259li zirv\u0259nin elektrik m\u0259n\u015f\u0259li olub-olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ani yoxa \u00e7\u0131xmas\u0131 il\u0259 yoxlay\u0131n, mexaniki olarsa rotorun yava\u015flayaraq dayanmas\u0131n\u0131 izl\u0259yin. Motor Elektrik Q\u00fcsuru Tezliyi Kalkulyatoru<\/a> Axtar\u0131lmal\u0131 d\u0259qiq x\u0259tt\u0259 aid tezlikl\u0259ri \u2014 2\u00d7 x\u0259tt, dir\u0259k-ke\u00e7id yan zolaqlar\u0131 v\u0259 s\u00fcr\u00fc\u015fm\u0259 il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259li komponentl\u0259ri \u2014 siyah\u0131ya alaraq \u00e7a\u015fd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 tezlik spektrini yoxlama siyah\u0131s\u0131na \u00e7evirir.<\/p>\n

9. D\u00fcz\u0259li\u015f, Profilaktika v\u0259 Monitorinq<\/h2>\n

T\u0259chizat t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259ki balanss\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 aradan qald\u0131rmaq<\/h3>\n

\u018fg\u0259r xidm\u0259t giri\u015find\u0259 balanss\u0131zl\u0131q m\u00f6vcuddursa, kommunal xidm\u0259tl\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259 saxlay\u0131n; \u0259ks halda nasazl\u0131q binadad\u0131r. Paylay\u0131c\u0131 sistemd\u0259ki b\u00fct\u00fcn birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259l\u0259ri yoxlay\u0131n v\u0259 m\u00f6hk\u0259ml\u0259ndirin, sigortalar\u0131n v\u0259 avtomatik a\u00e7\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n salamat oldu\u011funu t\u0259sdiql\u0259yin, t\u0259k fazal\u0131 y\u00fckl\u0259ri \u00fc\u00e7 faz aras\u0131nda b\u0259rab\u0259r paylay\u0131n v\u0259 transformatorun tap ayarlar\u0131n\u0131 yoxlay\u0131n. Zavod daxilind\u0259ki balanss\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n t\u0259\u0259cc\u00fcbl\u00fc bir hiss\u0259si sad\u0259c\u0259 bir bo\u015f v\u0259 ya oksidl\u0259\u015fmi\u015f terminal\u0131n qon\u015fular\u0131na nisb\u0259t\u0259n daha y\u00fcks\u0259k m\u00fcqavim\u0259t\u0259 malik olmas\u0131ndan ibar\u0259tdir.<\/p>\n

Motor t\u0259r\u0259fi probleml\u0259rinin d\u00fcz\u0259ldilm\u0259si<\/h3>\n

\u018fg\u0259r t\u0259chizat balansl\u0131 oldu\u011fu t\u0259sdiql\u0259nibs\u0259, amma c\u0259r\u0259yan balansl\u0131 deyils\u0259, \u0259vv\u0259lc\u0259 motor terminal\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 kabel birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259l\u0259rini t\u0259mizl\u0259yib m\u00f6hk\u0259ml\u0259ndirin, sonra izolyasiya m\u00fcqavim\u0259ti v\u0259 c\u0259r\u0259yan imzas\u0131 t\u0259hlili il\u0259 dolama q\u00fcsurlar\u0131n\u0131 yoxlay\u0131n. Daxili dolamada q\u00fcsurun t\u0259sdiql\u0259nm\u0259si motorun yenid\u0259n dolanmas\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 ya \u0259v\u0259z edilm\u0259sini t\u0259l\u0259b edir \u2014 dolama turu il\u0259 tur aras\u0131nda q\u0131saqapanma \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn sah\u0259d\u0259 t\u0259mir m\u00fcmk\u00fcn deyil.<\/p>\n

Azald\u0131lma, qura\u015fd\u0131rma v\u0259 davaml\u0131 monitorinq<\/h3>\n

Nisbi balanss\u0131zl\u0131q aradan qald\u0131r\u0131la bilm\u0259dikd\u0259, NEMA g\u00fcc azald\u0131lmas\u0131 \u0259yrisin\u0259 \u0259m\u0259l edin v\u0259 bobinl\u0259ri qorumaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn y\u00fck\u00fc azald\u0131n, temperaturu yax\u0131ndan izl\u0259yin. Qura\u015fd\u0131rma zaman\u0131 t\u0259krarlanman\u0131n qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 almaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn enerjiy\u0259 qo\u015fulmazdan \u0259vv\u0259l motor terminal\u0259rind\u0259 g\u0259rginlik balans\u0131n\u0131 yoxlay\u0131n, g\u0259rginlik d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259sini minimuma endirm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ke\u00e7iricil\u0259ri d\u00fczg\u00fcn \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcd\u0259 se\u00e7in v\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7bucaq-ulduz (Y-\u0394) ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fczg\u00fcnl\u00fcy\u00fcn\u00fc t\u0259sdiql\u0259yin. \u0130stifad\u0259 zaman\u0131 periodik olaraq g\u0259rginlik v\u0259 c\u0259r\u0259yan g\u00f6st\u0259ricil\u0259rini \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcn v\u0259 onlar\u0131 daha geni\u015f \u015f\u0259raitin monitorinqi<\/a> rutin\u0259 uy\u011fun trend t\u0259hlili<\/a>, Partlam\u0131\u015f s\u0131\u011fortalar\u0131 v\u0259 ya a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f avtomatik ay\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 yoxlay\u0131n, m\u00fch\u0259rrik probleml\u0259ri t\u0259krarlanan h\u0259r yerd\u0259 enerji keyfiyy\u0259ti \u00fczr\u0259 sor\u011fu ke\u00e7irin. Balanss\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 nasazl\u0131q ba\u015f verdikd\u0259n sonra axtar\u0131lan q\u00fcsur kimi deyil, trend\u0259 al\u0131nmal\u0131 parametr kimi q\u0259bul etm\u0259k b\u00fct\u00fcn m\u00fch\u0259rrik park\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fcn s\u0259ssizc\u0259 q\u0131salmas\u0131n\u0131n qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 al\u0131r.<\/p>\n

10. Tez-tez veril\u0259n suallar<\/h2>\n

G\u0259rginlik balanss\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 il\u0259 c\u0259r\u0259yan balanss\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 aras\u0131ndak\u0131 f\u0259rq n\u0259dir?<\/strong>
\nG\u0259rginlik balanss\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7 enerji t\u0259chizat\u0131 g\u0259rginliyi aras\u0131ndak\u0131 b\u0259rab\u0259rsizlikdir v\u0259 ad\u0259t\u0259n s\u0259b\u0259bdir; c\u0259r\u0259yan balanss\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 is\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7 fazl\u0131 c\u0259r\u0259yanlar aras\u0131ndak\u0131 b\u0259rab\u0259rsizlikdir v\u0259 g\u00fccl\u0259ndirilmi\u015f t\u0259sirdir. \u00c7\u00fcnki m\u00fch\u0259rrikin m\u0259nfi ard\u0131c\u0131ll\u0131q impedans\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 oldu\u011fundan, ki\u00e7ik g\u0259rginlik balanss\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131-d\u0259n on d\u0259f\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck c\u0259r\u0259yan balanss\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yarad\u0131r, buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 c\u0259r\u0259yan daha h\u0259ssas erk\u0259n x\u0259b\u0259rdarl\u0131q \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Elektrik balanss\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 vibrasiyada n\u0259 tezlikl\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6st\u0259rir?<\/strong>
\nX\u0259tt tezliyinin ikiqat\u0131nda \u2014 50 Hz enerji t\u0259chizat\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn 100 Hz, 60 Hz \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn is\u0259 120 Hz \u2014 \u00e7\u00fcnki m\u0259nfi ard\u0131c\u0131ll\u0131q sah\u0259si h\u0259min s\u00fcr\u0259tl\u0259 hava bo\u015flu\u011funun maqnit q\u00fcvv\u0259sini modulyasiya edir. Rotorla \u0259laq\u0259li elektrik q\u00fcsurlar\u0131 s\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f-qutup ke\u00e7id tezliyind\u0259, t\u0259xmin\u0259n nominal i\u015f s\u00fcr\u0259tinin ikiqat s\u00fcr\u0259ti \u0259traf\u0131nda yan zolaqlar yarad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Elektrik balanss\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 il\u0259 mexaniki balanss\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 v\u0259 ya hizalanma pozulmas\u0131n\u0131 nec\u0259 ay\u0131rd edim?<\/strong>
\nElektrik k\u0259silm\u0259si testind\u0259n istifad\u0259 edin: spektri izl\u0259y\u0259rk\u0259n i\u015fl\u0259y\u0259n motora elektrik enerjisini k\u0259sin. H\u0259qiqi elektrik komponenti d\u0259rhal yox olur, mexaniki komponent is\u0259 rotor yava\u015flayark\u0259n t\u0259dric\u0259n azal\u0131r. Y\u00fckl\u0259 d\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259d\u0259n d\u0259qiq 100\/120 Hz-d\u0259 sabit qalan pik d\u0259 etibarl\u0131 elektrik g\u00f6st\u0259ricisidir.<\/p>\n

N\u0259 s\u0259viyy\u0259d\u0259 g\u0259rginlik balanss\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 q\u0259bul edil\u0259ndir?<\/strong>
\nNEMA MG-1 g\u0259rginlik asimetriyas\u0131n\u0131 1%-d\u0259n a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 saxlama\u011f\u0131 t\u00f6vsiy\u0259 edir v\u0259 bu h\u0259dd\u0259n yuxar\u0131\u0434\u0430 g\u00fcc azald\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259l\u0259b edir, 5%-d\u0259n k\u0259narda i\u015fl\u0259tm\u0259m\u0259yi m\u0259sl\u0259h\u0259t g\u00f6r\u00fcr. IEC simmetrik komponent t\u0259rifi \u0259sas\u0131nda t\u0259xmin\u0259n 2%-\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r icaz\u0259 verir. G\u0259rginlik asimetriyas\u0131n\u0131 1%-d\u0259n a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 saxlamaq, \u00fcmumi istifad\u0259 olunan 10% sah\u0259 h\u0259ddi daxilind\u0259 c\u0259r\u0259yan asimetriyas\u0131n\u0131 saxlama\u011f\u0131n \u0259n effektiv yoludur.<\/p>\n

Niy\u0259 ki\u00e7ik g\u0259rginlik balanss\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu q\u0259d\u0259r \u00e7ox isinm\u0259y\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b olur?<\/strong>
\nAsimmetriya, bir fazan\u0131n y\u00fckl\u0259ndiyi zaman, m\u00fch\u0259rrikin a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 m\u0259nfi ard\u0131c\u0131ll\u0131q impedans\u0131na qar\u015f\u0131 axan m\u0259nfi ard\u0131c\u0131ll\u0131q c\u0259r\u0259yanlar\u0131 yaradaraq \u0259lav\u0259 istilik yay\u0131r. 3% g\u0259rginlik balanss\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bobinin temperaturunu 18\u201325% d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259y\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r y\u00fcks\u0259ld\u0259 v\u0259 izolyasiyan\u0131n \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc t\u0259xmin\u0259n yar\u0131ya endir\u0259 bil\u0259r.<\/p>\n

Portativ vibrasiya analizatoru elektrik balanss\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u015fkar ed\u0259 bil\u0259rmi?<\/strong>
\nB\u0259li. Balanset-1A kimi iki kanall\u0131 analizator 100\/120 Hz x\u0259tt\u0259 kilidl\u0259nmi\u015f pikl\u0259ri ay\u0131r\u0131r, enerji k\u0259sintisi testini aparma\u011fa imkan verir v\u0259 enerji t\u0259chizat\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259ki balanss\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 rotor q\u00fcsurundan f\u0259rql\u0259ndir\u0259n q\u00fctb ke\u00e7idi yan zolaqlar\u0131n\u0131 oxuyur \u2014 b\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar\u0131 ayr\u0131ca enerji keyfiyy\u0259ti cihaz\u0131na ehtiyac olmadan edir.<\/p>\n

\n

\u2190 \u018fsas \u0130ndeks\u0259 qay\u0131t<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

2X x\u0259tt tezliyind\u0259 h\u0259ddind\u0259n art\u0131q q\u0131zmaya, s\u0259m\u0259r\u0259liliyin azalmas\u0131na v\u0259 vibrasiyaya s\u0259b\u0259b olan \u00fc\u00e7 fazal\u0131 m\u00fch\u0259rrik sisteml\u0259rind\u0259 elektrik balanss\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131, qeyri-b\u0259rab\u0259r g\u0259rginlik v\u0259 ya c\u0259r\u0259yan haqq\u0131nda m\u0259lumat \u0259ld\u0259 edin.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","meta":{"ai_generated_summary":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[109,111],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-112","glossary","type-glossary","status-publish","hentry","category-glossary","category-rotor-balancing"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary\/112","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/glossary"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary\/112\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":101554,"href":"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary\/112\/revisions\/101554"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=112"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=112"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=112"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}