{"id":143,"date":"2025-10-31T00:25:51","date_gmt":"2025-10-31T00:25:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/glossary\/impact-testing\/"},"modified":"2026-05-23T22:36:55","modified_gmt":"2026-05-23T22:36:55","slug":"impact-testing","status":"publish","type":"glossary","link":"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/bho\/glossary\/impact-testing\/","title":{"rendered":"What is Impact Testing? Modal Analysis Technique"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1>Understanding Impact Testing<\/h1>\n\t\t<section class=\"woocommerce hestia-shop products is-shortcode\" id=\"products\" data-sorder=\"hestia_shop\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hestia-shop-content\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"row\" data-aos=\"fade-up\" >\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-ms-6 col-sm-6 col-md-3 shop-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/bho\/product\/balanset-1\/\" class=\"woocommerce-LoopProduct-link woocommerce-loop-product__link\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"card-image\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/bho\/product\/balanset-1\/\" title=\"Portable balancer &#038; Vibration analyzer Balanset-1A\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"230\" height=\"153\" src=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/77-e1693745667801-230x153.webp\" class=\"attachment-woocommerce_thumbnail size-woocommerce_thumbnail\" alt=\"Balanset-1A full kit portable balancer and vibration analyzer\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/77-e1693745667801-230x153.webp 230w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/77-e1693745667801-18x12.webp 18w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/77-e1693745667801-360x240.webp 360w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/77-e1693745667801-272x182.webp 272w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 230px) 100vw, 230px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ripple-container\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"category\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/bho\/product-category\/devices\/\" rel=\"tag\">Devices<\/a><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"card-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"shop-item-title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/bho\/product\/balanset-1\/\" title=\"Portable balancer &#038; Vibration analyzer Balanset-1A\">Portable balancer &#038; Vibration analyzer Balanset-1A<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"footer\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"price\"><h4><span class=\"woocommerce-Price-amount amount\"><span class=\"woocommerce-Price-currencySymbol\">&euro;<\/span>1,975.00<\/span> + VAT (if applicable)<\/h4><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"stats\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"\/bho\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary\/143?add-to-cart=986\" data-quantity=\"1\" data-product_id=\"986\" data-product_sku=\"BS-1\" class=\"button product_type_simple add_to_cart_button ajax_add_to_cart btn btn-just-icon btn-simple btn-default\" title=\"Add to cart\" data-no-translation-title=\"\"><i rel=\"tooltip\" data-original-title=\"Add to cart\" class=\"fas fa-cart-plus\" data-no-translation-data-original-title=\"\"><\/i><\/a>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a><a href=\"\/bho\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary\/143?add-to-cart=986\" aria-describedby=\"woocommerce_loop_add_to_cart_link_describedby_986\" data-quantity=\"1\" class=\"button product_type_simple add_to_cart_button ajax_add_to_cart\" data-product_id=\"986\" data-product_sku=\"BS-1\" aria-label=\"Add to cart: \u201cPortable balancer &amp; Vibration analyzer Balanset-1A\u201d\" rel=\"nofollow\" data-success_message=\"\u201cPortable balancer &amp; Vibration analyzer Balanset-1A\u201d has been added to your cart\" data-no-translation=\"\" data-trp-gettext=\"\" data-no-translation-aria-label=\"\" data-no-translation-data-success_message=\"\">Add to cart<\/a>\t<span id=\"woocommerce_loop_add_to_cart_link_describedby_986\" class=\"screen-reader-text\">\n\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-ms-6 col-sm-6 col-md-3 shop-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/bho\/product\/vibration-sensor\/\" class=\"woocommerce-LoopProduct-link woocommerce-loop-product__link\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"card-image\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/bho\/product\/vibration-sensor\/\" title=\"Vibration sensor\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"230\" height=\"153\" src=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/IMG-3-230x153.webp\" class=\"attachment-woocommerce_thumbnail size-woocommerce_thumbnail\" alt=\"Balanset-1A vibration sensor close-up\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/IMG-3-230x153.webp 230w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/IMG-3-600x400.webp 600w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/IMG-3-300x200.webp 300w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/IMG-3-768x512.webp 768w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/IMG-3-1024x682.webp 1024w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/IMG-3-272x182.webp 272w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/IMG-3.webp 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 230px) 100vw, 230px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ripple-container\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"category\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/bho\/product-category\/parts\/\" rel=\"tag\">Parts<\/a><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"card-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"shop-item-title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/bho\/product\/vibration-sensor\/\" title=\"Vibration sensor\">Vibration sensor<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"footer\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"price\"><h4><span class=\"woocommerce-Price-amount amount\"><span class=\"woocommerce-Price-currencySymbol\">&euro;<\/span>90.00<\/span> + VAT (if applicable)<\/h4><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"stats\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"\/bho\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary\/143?add-to-cart=1820\" data-quantity=\"1\" data-product_id=\"1820\" data-product_sku=\"VS-1\" class=\"button product_type_simple add_to_cart_button ajax_add_to_cart btn btn-just-icon btn-simple btn-default\" title=\"Add to cart\" data-no-translation-title=\"\"><i rel=\"tooltip\" data-original-title=\"Add to cart\" class=\"fas fa-cart-plus\" data-no-translation-data-original-title=\"\"><\/i><\/a>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a><a href=\"\/bho\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary\/143?add-to-cart=1820\" aria-describedby=\"woocommerce_loop_add_to_cart_link_describedby_1820\" data-quantity=\"1\" class=\"button product_type_simple add_to_cart_button ajax_add_to_cart\" data-product_id=\"1820\" data-product_sku=\"VS-1\" aria-label=\"Add to cart: \u201cVibration sensor\u201d\" rel=\"nofollow\" data-success_message=\"\u201cVibration sensor\u201d has been added to your cart\" data-no-translation=\"\" data-trp-gettext=\"\" data-no-translation-aria-label=\"\" data-no-translation-data-success_message=\"\">Add to cart<\/a>\t<span id=\"woocommerce_loop_add_to_cart_link_describedby_1820\" class=\"screen-reader-text\">\n\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-ms-6 col-sm-6 col-md-3 shop-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/bho\/product\/optical-sensor-for-balanset-and-arbalance\/\" class=\"woocommerce-LoopProduct-link woocommerce-loop-product__link\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"card-image\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/bho\/product\/optical-sensor-for-balanset-and-arbalance\/\" title=\"Optical Sensor (Laser Tachometer)\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"230\" height=\"153\" src=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/ZKqzGXSCCBU-230x153.webp\" class=\"attachment-woocommerce_thumbnail size-woocommerce_thumbnail\" alt=\"Optical Sensor (Laser Tachometer)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/ZKqzGXSCCBU-230x153.webp 230w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/ZKqzGXSCCBU-300x200.webp 300w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/ZKqzGXSCCBU-1024x682.webp 1024w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/ZKqzGXSCCBU-768x512.webp 768w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/ZKqzGXSCCBU-1536x1023.webp 1536w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/ZKqzGXSCCBU-18x12.webp 18w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/ZKqzGXSCCBU-360x240.webp 360w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/ZKqzGXSCCBU-460x306.webp 460w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/ZKqzGXSCCBU-600x400.webp 600w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/ZKqzGXSCCBU-272x182.webp 272w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/ZKqzGXSCCBU.webp 1600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 230px) 100vw, 230px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ripple-container\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"category\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/bho\/product-category\/parts\/\" rel=\"tag\">Parts<\/a><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"card-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"shop-item-title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/bho\/product\/optical-sensor-for-balanset-and-arbalance\/\" title=\"Optical Sensor (Laser Tachometer)\">Optical Sensor (Laser Tachometer)<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"footer\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"price\"><h4><span class=\"woocommerce-Price-amount amount\"><span class=\"woocommerce-Price-currencySymbol\">&euro;<\/span>124.00<\/span> + VAT (if applicable)<\/h4><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"stats\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"\/bho\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary\/143?add-to-cart=1832\" data-quantity=\"1\" data-product_id=\"1832\" data-product_sku=\"Tach-1\" class=\"button product_type_simple add_to_cart_button ajax_add_to_cart btn btn-just-icon btn-simple btn-default\" title=\"Add to cart\" data-no-translation-title=\"\"><i rel=\"tooltip\" data-original-title=\"Add to cart\" class=\"fas fa-cart-plus\" data-no-translation-data-original-title=\"\"><\/i><\/a>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a><a href=\"\/bho\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary\/143?add-to-cart=1832\" aria-describedby=\"woocommerce_loop_add_to_cart_link_describedby_1832\" data-quantity=\"1\" class=\"button product_type_simple add_to_cart_button ajax_add_to_cart\" data-product_id=\"1832\" data-product_sku=\"Tach-1\" aria-label=\"Add to cart: \u201cOptical Sensor (Laser Tachometer)\u201d\" rel=\"nofollow\" data-success_message=\"\u201cOptical Sensor (Laser Tachometer)\u201d has been added to your cart\" data-no-translation=\"\" data-trp-gettext=\"\" data-no-translation-aria-label=\"\" data-no-translation-data-success_message=\"\">Add to cart<\/a>\t<span id=\"woocommerce_loop_add_to_cart_link_describedby_1832\" class=\"screen-reader-text\">\n\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-ms-6 col-sm-6 col-md-3 shop-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/bho\/product\/balanset-4\/\" class=\"woocommerce-LoopProduct-link woocommerce-loop-product__link\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"card-image\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/bho\/product\/balanset-4\/\" title=\"Balanset-4\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"230\" height=\"153\" src=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/balkom4-230x153.webp\" class=\"attachment-woocommerce_thumbnail size-woocommerce_thumbnail\" alt=\"Vibromera rotor balancing kit: carry case, multi-channel signal conditioner, handheld analyzer, magnetic base, vibration sensors, and coiled cables.\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/balkom4-230x153.webp 230w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/balkom4-300x200.webp 300w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/balkom4-18x12.webp 18w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/balkom4-360x240.webp 360w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/balkom4-460x306.webp 460w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/balkom4-600x400.webp 600w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/balkom4-272x182.webp 272w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/balkom4.webp 640w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 230px) 100vw, 230px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ripple-container\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"category\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/bho\/product-category\/devices\/\" rel=\"tag\">Devices<\/a><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"card-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"shop-item-title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/bho\/product\/balanset-4\/\" title=\"Balanset-4\">Balanset-4<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"footer\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"price\"><h4><span class=\"woocommerce-Price-amount amount\"><span class=\"woocommerce-Price-currencySymbol\">&euro;<\/span>6,803.00<\/span> + VAT (if applicable)<\/h4><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"stats\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"\/bho\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary\/143?add-to-cart=1833\" data-quantity=\"1\" data-product_id=\"1833\" data-product_sku=\"BS-4\" class=\"button product_type_simple add_to_cart_button ajax_add_to_cart btn btn-just-icon btn-simple btn-default\" title=\"Add to cart\" data-no-translation-title=\"\"><i rel=\"tooltip\" data-original-title=\"Add to cart\" class=\"fas fa-cart-plus\" data-no-translation-data-original-title=\"\"><\/i><\/a>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a><a href=\"\/bho\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary\/143?add-to-cart=1833\" aria-describedby=\"woocommerce_loop_add_to_cart_link_describedby_1833\" data-quantity=\"1\" class=\"button product_type_simple add_to_cart_button ajax_add_to_cart\" data-product_id=\"1833\" data-product_sku=\"BS-4\" aria-label=\"Add to cart: \u201cBalanset-4\u201d\" rel=\"nofollow\" data-success_message=\"\u201cBalanset-4\u201d has been added to your cart\" data-no-translation=\"\" data-trp-gettext=\"\" data-no-translation-aria-label=\"\" data-no-translation-data-success_message=\"\">Add to cart<\/a>\t<span id=\"woocommerce_loop_add_to_cart_link_describedby_1833\" class=\"screen-reader-text\">\n\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- \/.row --><div class=\"row\">\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-ms-6 col-sm-6 col-md-3 shop-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/bho\/product\/magnet-stand\/\" class=\"woocommerce-LoopProduct-link woocommerce-loop-product__link\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"card-image\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/bho\/product\/magnet-stand\/\" title=\"Magnetic Stand Insize-60-kgf\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"230\" height=\"153\" src=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/IMG-36-230x153.webp\" class=\"attachment-woocommerce_thumbnail size-woocommerce_thumbnail\" alt=\"Magnet base.\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/IMG-36-230x153.webp 230w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/IMG-36-600x400.webp 600w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/IMG-36-300x200.webp 300w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/IMG-36-1024x682.webp 1024w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/IMG-36-768x512.webp 768w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/IMG-36-360x240.webp 360w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/IMG-36-272x182.webp 272w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/IMG-36.webp 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 230px) 100vw, 230px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ripple-container\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"category\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/bho\/product-category\/parts\/\" rel=\"tag\">Parts<\/a><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"card-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a 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class=\"screen-reader-text\">\n\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\n<p><strong>Impact testing<\/strong> \u2014 also called impulse testing or impact modal analysis \u2014 is a <a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/bho\/glossary\/modal-analysis\/\">modal testing<\/a> technique that uses an instrumented impact hammer to apply broadband force impulses to a structure while measuring the resulting <a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/bho\/glossary\/vibration\/\">vibration<\/a> response with <a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/bho\/glossary\/accelerometer\/\">accelerometers<\/a>. From the force and response signals it computes <a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/bho\/glossary\/frequency-response-function\/\">frequency response functions<\/a> (FRFs) that show how the structure responds at each frequency, revealing its <a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/bho\/glossary\/natural-frequency\/\">natural frequencies<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/bho\/glossary\/mode-shape\/\">mode shapes<\/a>, and <a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/bho\/glossary\/damping\/\">damping<\/a> ratios \u2014 the information needed to understand dynamic behaviour and diagnose <a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/bho\/glossary\/resonance\/\">resonance<\/a> problems.<\/p>\n<p>Impact testing is the practical field alternative to shaker modal testing, delivering similar information without the heavy, expensive electromagnetic shakers and complex mounting fixtures that a shaker test demands. It is widely used for resonance troubleshooting, validating structural modifications, and correlating finite-element models in machinery and structural-dynamics work. It is closely related to the simpler <a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/bho\/glossary\/bump-test\/\">bump test<\/a>, which uses the same impulse principle to find a single natural frequency.<\/p>\n<h2>1. The Underlying Principle<\/h2>\n<p>The method rests on a simple fact: a short, sharp impact excites a wide band of frequencies all at once. A hammer blow that lasts only a millisecond or two contains energy spread fairly evenly across a broad frequency range, so it rings every mode within that range simultaneously. By measuring both the input force and the output response and dividing one by the other in the frequency domain, the test isolates the structure&#8217;s own behaviour from the particular blow that was struck \u2014 the result, the FRF, is a property of the structure alone and is independent of how hard you hit it.<\/p>\n<h2>2. Equipment<\/h2>\n<h3>Instrumented Impact Hammer<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Force transducer:<\/strong> a piezoelectric sensor in the hammer head measures the impact force.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Hammer mass:<\/strong> 0.1\u20135 kg, chosen according to structure size and the frequency range of interest.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Interchangeable tips:<\/strong> hard (steel), medium (plastic), and soft (rubber).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Output:<\/strong> a force signal synchronised with the response measurement.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Typical cost:<\/strong> roughly $500\u20133000.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Response Sensors<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Accelerometers placed at the points of interest.<\/li>\n<li>Either a single roving accelerometer or multiple fixed sensors.<\/li>\n<li>A frequency range that comfortably matches the test requirements.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Data Acquisition<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>A minimum of two channels \u2014 force and response.<\/li>\n<li>Simultaneous sampling of those channels is essential.<\/li>\n<li>An <a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/bho\/glossary\/fft\/\">FFT<\/a> analyser or dedicated modal-analysis software.<\/li>\n<li>Computation of the <a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/bho\/glossary\/transfer-function\/\">transfer function<\/a> and the <a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/bho\/glossary\/coherence\/\">coherence<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>3. Test Procedure<\/h2>\n<h3>Single-Point FRF<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Mount the accelerometer<\/strong> at the response location.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Select the hammer tip<\/strong> to match the structure and the target frequency range.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Strike the structure<\/strong> with a firm, quick impact at the excitation point.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Record the data<\/strong> \u2014 force and response signals together.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Compute the FRF:<\/strong> H(f) = Response(f) \/ Force(f).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Average<\/strong> by repeating 3\u201310 times and averaging the FRFs.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Check coherence<\/strong> to verify data quality (coherence &gt; 0.9).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>Multiple-Point Testing<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Roving hammer:<\/strong> impact many points while keeping the accelerometer fixed.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Roving accelerometer:<\/strong> impact one fixed point while moving the accelerometer.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Result:<\/strong> FRFs from multiple locations reveal the <a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/bho\/glossary\/mode-shape\/\">mode shapes<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Grid testing:<\/strong> a systematic grid of points gives a complete structural survey.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>4. Hammer-Tip Selection<\/h2>\n<h3>Effect on Frequency Content<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Hard tip (steel):<\/strong> short impact duration, high-frequency content; good for stiff structures and high frequencies (to 10+ kHz).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Medium tip (nylon\/Delrin):<\/strong> moderate duration, balanced spectrum, general purpose (to 2\u20135 kHz).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Soft tip (rubber):<\/strong> long duration, low-frequency emphasis; suits large, flexible structures (to 500\u20131000 Hz).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The logic is the same one that governs the underlying principle: a shorter, harder contact packs energy into a wider, higher band, while a softer, longer contact concentrates it at low frequencies. The tip is therefore chosen to put energy where the modes of interest live.<\/p>\n<h3>Matching the Structure<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Light structures:<\/strong> a small hammer with a soft tip, to avoid damage and ringing.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Heavy structures:<\/strong> a large hammer with a harder tip, for adequate excitation.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Rule of thumb:<\/strong> the structure should respond clearly but not excessively \u2014 a peak acceleration of about 1\u201310 g is typical.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>5. Data Quality<\/h2>\n<h3>Good Impact Technique<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>A quick, clean impact with no double hits.<\/li>\n<li>The hammer pulled away immediately so it does not stay in contact.<\/li>\n<li>A strike perpendicular to the surface.<\/li>\n<li>A consistent strike location.<\/li>\n<li>An appropriate force level.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Coherence Validation<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>The <a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/bho\/glossary\/coherence\/\">coherence<\/a> function indicates measurement quality.<\/li>\n<li>Coherence near 1.0 (&gt; 0.9) means good data.<\/li>\n<li>Low coherence points to a poor impact, noise, or nonlinearity.<\/li>\n<li>Reject poor impacts and repeat the test.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>A double hit is the most common spoiler: it puts two impulses into the structure and corrupts the input spectrum, which is exactly the kind of error coherence is so good at exposing \u2014 a dip in coherence at a frequency you care about is a signal to discard that average and strike again.<\/p>\n<h2>6. Results and Interpretation<\/h2>\n<h3>Frequency Response Function<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>The magnitude plot shows amplification versus frequency.<\/li>\n<li>Peaks mark natural frequencies and resonances.<\/li>\n<li>Peak height reflects the amplification factor, which is inversely related to damping.<\/li>\n<li>The <a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/bho\/glossary\/phase\/\">phase<\/a> plot shows the 180\u00b0 shift through each resonance.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Natural-Frequency Identification<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>List every peak in the FRF.<\/li>\n<li>The first mode is typically the lowest-frequency peak.<\/li>\n<li>Higher modes lie at higher frequencies.<\/li>\n<li>Compare these against operating frequencies to check for interference.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Mode-Shape Determination<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Derived from multiple-point testing.<\/li>\n<li>The relative response amplitudes at resonance define the deflection pattern.<\/li>\n<li>Software can animate the shape.<\/li>\n<li>This identifies the <a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/bho\/glossary\/nodal-point\/\">nodes<\/a> and antinodes of each mode.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>7. Applications in Machinery Troubleshooting<\/h2>\n<h3>Frame-Resonance Investigation<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Impact a motor or fan frame.<\/li>\n<li>Identify the <a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/bho\/glossary\/frame-resonance\/\">frame natural frequencies<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Compare them to <a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/bho\/glossary\/blade-passing-frequency\/\">blade-passing<\/a> and motor electromagnetic frequencies.<\/li>\n<li>If a match is found, resonance is the problem.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Foundation Testing<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Impact the baseplate or foundation.<\/li>\n<li>Determine its natural frequencies.<\/li>\n<li>Verify adequate <a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/bho\/glossary\/foundation-stiffness\/\">stiffness<\/a> and frequency separation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Before\/After Comparisons<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Test before a structural modification.<\/li>\n<li>Test again afterward \u2014 following stiffening, added damping, or mass changes.<\/li>\n<li>Verify the modification achieved the desired effect.<\/li>\n<li>Quantify the improvement.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>8. Impact Testing in the Field<\/h2>\n<p>Because it needs only an instrumented hammer and a two-channel analyser, impact testing sits naturally within a field engineer&#8217;s toolkit alongside routine vibration work. When a machine shows high <a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/bho\/glossary\/running-speed\/\">running-speed<\/a> vibration, the first question is often whether the cause is a force such as <a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/bho\/glossary\/unbalance\/\">unbalance<\/a> or a structural resonance amplifying an ordinary force. A portable analyser such as the <a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/bho\/product\/balanset-1\/\">Balanset-1A<\/a> is used to measure and, where the cause is unbalance, correct it by <a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/bho\/glossary\/field-balancing\/\">field balancing<\/a>; an impact test on the frame or foundation then settles whether a stubborn residual vibration is being magnified by a nearby natural frequency \u2014 guiding the choice between balancing the rotor and stiffening the structure.<\/p>\n<p>Impact testing is a practical, cost-effective modal-analysis technique well within reach of field vibration specialists. With nothing more than an instrumented hammer and a vibration analyser, it identifies structural resonances, validates modifications, and supplies the dynamic characterisation needed to solve resonance problems and optimise structural designs across machinery and structural applications.<\/p>\n<hr>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/bho\/glossary\/\">\u2190 Back to Main Index<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Learn about impact testing, using instrumented hammers to excite structures and measure frequency response functions for modal analysis and structural dynamics characterization.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","meta":{"ai_generated_summary":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[114,109],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-143","glossary","type-glossary","status-publish","hentry","category-analysis","category-glossary"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/bho\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary\/143","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/bho\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/bho\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/glossary"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/bho\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary\/143\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":101287,"href":"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/bho\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary\/143\/revisions\/101287"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/bho\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=143"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/bho\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=143"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/bho\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=143"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}