{"id":100196,"date":"2026-02-15T20:26:12","date_gmt":"2026-02-15T20:26:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/?post_type=calculator&#038;p=100196"},"modified":"2026-02-15T20:26:12","modified_gmt":"2026-02-15T20:26:12","slug":"pressure-unit-converter","status":"publish","type":"calculator","link":"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/bn\/calculators\/pressure-unit-converter\/","title":{"rendered":"Pressure Unit Converter | bar \u2194 PSI \u2194 MPa \u2194 atm \u2194 kgf\/cm\u00b2"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">\n{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"WebApplication\",\"name\":\"Pressure Unit Converter\",\"alternateName\":[\"Bar to PSI Converter\",\"PSI to Bar Converter\",\"Pressure Calculator\",\"MPa to Bar Converter\"],\"description\":\"Free online pressure unit converter. Convert between bar, PSI, MPa, kPa, Pa, atm, kgf\/cm\u00b2, mmHg, inHg, mbar, mmH\u2082O, and inH\u2082O instantly.\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/calculators\/pressure-unit-converter\/\",\"applicationCategory\":\"Engineering Calculator\",\"operatingSystem\":\"Any (Web Browser)\",\"offers\":{\"@type\":\"Offer\",\"price\":\"0\",\"priceCurrency\":\"EUR\"},\"creator\":{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"name\":\"Vibromera\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/\"},\"datePublished\":\"2025-01-01\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-02-14\",\"inLanguage\":\"en\",\"isAccessibleForFree\":true,\"featureList\":[\"12 pressure units supported\",\"Instant conversion to all units\",\"Auto-calculation on input change\",\"URL parameter sharing\",\"Calculation history\"],\"keywords\":\"pressure converter, bar, PSI, MPa, kPa, Pa, atm, kgf\/cm\u00b2, mmHg, inHg\"}\n<\/script>\n\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">\n{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"mainEntity\":[\n{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"What is the difference between bar and atm?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Bar and atm (standard atmosphere) are both units of pressure. 1 atm = 1.01325 bar. They are very close in value \u2014 1 bar is approximately 0.987 atm. The bar is commonly used in industry and engineering, while atm is used in chemistry, aviation, and as a reference for standard conditions.\"}},\n{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"How do you convert PSI to bar?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"To convert PSI to bar, divide by 14.5038: bar = PSI \/ 14.5038. For example, 100 PSI = 100 \/ 14.5038 = 6.895 bar. Conversely, to convert bar to PSI, multiply by 14.5038: PSI = bar \u00d7 14.5038.\"}},\n{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"What is the difference between gauge and absolute pressure?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Absolute pressure is measured relative to a perfect vacuum (zero reference). Gauge pressure is measured relative to atmospheric pressure. The relationship is: P_absolute = P_gauge + P_atmospheric. For example, a tire gauge reading 32 PSI (gauge) means 32 + 14.7 = 46.7 PSI absolute. Units often use 'g' or 'a' suffix: psig (gauge), psia (absolute), barg, bara.\"}},\n{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"What is mmHg used for?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"mmHg (millimeters of mercury), also called torr, is commonly used in medicine for blood pressure measurement (e.g., 120\/80 mmHg), in vacuum technology, and in meteorology. 1 mmHg = 133.322 Pa. Standard atmospheric pressure is 760 mmHg.\"}},\n{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"What is the difference between kPa and MPa?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Both are SI units of pressure. 1 MPa = 1000 kPa. kPa (kilopascal) is used for lower pressures like tire pressure and HVAC. MPa (megapascal) is used for higher pressures like hydraulic systems, material strength, and water jetting. For reference: 1 bar \u2248 100 kPa = 0.1 MPa.\"}}\n]}\n<\/script>\n\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">\n{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"itemListElement\":[\n{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/\"},\n{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Calculators\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/calculators\/\"},\n{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Pressure Unit Converter\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/calculators\/pressure-unit-converter\/\"}\n]}\n<\/script>\n\n<link rel=\"preconnect\" href=\"https:\/\/fonts.googleapis.com\">\n\n<link rel=\"preconnect\" href=\"https:\/\/fonts.gstatic.com\" crossorigin>\n\n<link href=\"https:\/\/fonts.googleapis.com\/css2?family=DM+Sans:ital,opsz,wght@0,9..40,300;0,9..40,400;0,9..40,500;0,9..40,600;0,9..40,700;1,9..40,400&#038;family=JetBrains+Mono:wght@400;500;600&#038;family=Fraunces:opsz,wght@9..144,700;9..144,800&#038;display=swap\" rel=\"stylesheet\">\n\n<style>\n:root {\n    --vc-bg: #f4f1ec;\n    --vc-surface: #ffffff;\n    --vc-surface-alt: #f8f6f2;\n    --vc-ink: #1a1a1a;\n    --vc-ink-secondary: #5a5650;\n    --vc-ink-muted: #8a857e;\n    --vc-accent: #c85a2a;\n    --vc-accent-hover: #b04d22;\n    --vc-accent-light: #fdf0ea;\n    --vc-blue: #2a5c8c;\n    --vc-blue-light: #eaf1f8;\n    --vc-green: #2a7a4b;\n    --vc-green-light: #eaf8ef;\n    --vc-yellow: #a67c00;\n    --vc-yellow-light: #fef9e8;\n    --vc-red: #b91c1c;\n    --vc-red-light: #fef2f2;\n    --vc-border: #d9d4cc;\n    --vc-border-light: #e8e4dd;\n    --vc-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(26,26,26,0.06), 0 4px 12px rgba(26,26,26,0.04);\n    --vc-shadow-lg: 0 4px 12px rgba(26,26,26,0.08), 0 16px 40px rgba(26,26,26,0.06);\n    --vc-radius: 8px;\n    --vc-radius-lg: 12px;\n    --vc-font: 'DM Sans', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', sans-serif;\n    --vc-mono: 'JetBrains Mono', 'Consolas', 'Monaco', monospace;\n    --vc-display: 'Fraunces', Georgia, serif;\n}\n\n.vc-calculator {\n    font-family: var(--vc-font);\n    font-size: 15px;\n    line-height: 1.65;\n    color: var(--vc-ink);\n    max-width: 960px;\n    margin: 0 auto;\n    padding: 20px 16px 40px;\n    -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;\n}\n.vc-calculator *, .vc-calculator *::before, .vc-calculator *::after { box-sizing: border-box; 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}\n\n\/* \u2500\u2500 RELATED \u2500\u2500 *\/\n.vc-related { display:flex; flex-wrap:wrap; gap:10px; margin-top:16px; }\n.vc-related-link { display:inline-block; padding:8px 16px; font-family:var(--vc-font); font-size:13px; font-weight:600; background:var(--vc-surface-alt); color:var(--vc-ink-secondary); border:1px solid var(--vc-border); border-radius:var(--vc-radius); text-decoration:none; transition:all 0.15s; }\n.vc-related-link:hover { border-color:var(--vc-accent); color:var(--vc-accent); background:var(--vc-accent-light); }\n\n\/* \u2500\u2500 PROMO \u2500\u2500 *\/\n.vc-promo { margin-top:24px; padding:20px; background:linear-gradient(135deg, var(--vc-accent-light), var(--vc-surface)); border:1px solid var(--vc-border); border-radius:var(--vc-radius-lg); display:flex; align-items:center; gap:16px; }\n.vc-promo-text { flex:1; font-size:14px; color:var(--vc-ink-secondary); }\n.vc-promo-text strong { color:var(--vc-ink); }\n.vc-promo-link { padding:8px 20px; font-size:13px; font-weight:700; color:#fff; background:var(--vc-accent); border-radius:var(--vc-radius); text-decoration:none; white-space:nowrap; transition:background 0.15s; }\n.vc-promo-link:hover { background:var(--vc-accent-hover); }\n\n\/* \u2500\u2500 FOOTER \u2500\u2500 *\/\n.vc-footer { text-align:center; padding:32px 16px; font-size:13px; color:var(--vc-ink-muted); }\n.vc-footer a { color:var(--vc-accent); text-decoration:none; }\n.vc-footer a:hover { text-decoration:underline; }\n.vc-footer-links { margin-top:8px; font-size:12px; }\n.vc-footer-links a { margin:0 8px; }\n\n\/* \u2500\u2500 PRINT \u2500\u2500 *\/\n@media print {\n    .vc-section-body { max-height:none!important; }\n    .vc-faq-a { max-height:none!important; }\n    .vc-results { max-height:none!important; padding:24px!important; }\n    .vc-copy-btn, .vc-section-chevron, .vc-faq-chevron, .vc-presets, .vc-promo { display:none!important; }\n}\n<\/style>\n\n<div class=\"vc-calculator\" id=\"vc-pressure-converter\">\n\n<!-- Header -->\n<header class=\"vc-header\">\n    <p class=\"vc-header-eyebrow\">Free Engineering Tool<\/p>\n    <h1 class=\"vc-header-title\">Pressure Unit Converter<\/h1>\n    <p class=\"vc-header-subtitle\">Convert between all common pressure units instantly. Enter a value and select the input unit \u2014 all conversions are shown simultaneously.<\/p>\n    <div class=\"vc-badges\">\n        <span class=\"vc-badge\">12 Units<\/span>\n        <span class=\"vc-badge\">bar \u2194 PSI \u2194 MPa<\/span>\n        <span class=\"vc-badge\">atm \u2194 kgf\/cm\u00b2<\/span>\n    <\/div>\n<\/header>\n\n<!-- Calculator Card -->\n<div class=\"vc-card\">\n    <form class=\"vc-form\" id=\"vc-form\" autocomplete=\"off\">\n        <div class=\"vc-form-grid\">\n            <div class=\"vc-field\">\n                <label class=\"vc-label\" for=\"vc-value\">Value<\/label>\n                <input class=\"vc-input\" type=\"number\" id=\"vc-value\" inputmode=\"decimal\" step=\"any\" placeholder=\"e.g. 1\" value=\"1\">\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"vc-field\">\n                <label class=\"vc-label\" for=\"vc-unit\">Input Unit<\/label>\n                <select class=\"vc-select\" id=\"vc-unit\">\n                    <option value=\"bar\" selected>bar<\/option>\n                    <option value=\"mbar\">mbar (millibar)<\/option>\n                    <option value=\"PSI\">PSI (lb\/in\u00b2)<\/option>\n                    <option value=\"kPa\">kPa (kilopascal)<\/option>\n                    <option value=\"MPa\">MPa (megapascal)<\/option>\n                    <option value=\"Pa\">Pa (pascal)<\/option>\n                    <option value=\"atm\">atm (standard atmosphere)<\/option>\n                    <option value=\"kgf\/cm\u00b2\">kgf\/cm\u00b2 (at)<\/option>\n                    <option value=\"mmHg\">mmHg (torr)<\/option>\n                    <option value=\"inHg\">inHg (inch of mercury)<\/option>\n                    <option value=\"mmH\u2082O\">mmH\u2082O (mm water column)<\/option>\n                    <option value=\"inH\u2082O\">inH\u2082O (inch water column)<\/option>\n                <\/select>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <!-- Presets -->\n        <div class=\"vc-presets\">\n            <div class=\"vc-presets-label\">Quick presets<\/div>\n            <button type=\"button\" class=\"vc-preset-btn\" data-v=\"1\" data-u=\"bar\">1 bar<\/button>\n            <button type=\"button\" class=\"vc-preset-btn\" data-v=\"100\" data-u=\"PSI\">100 PSI<\/button>\n            <button type=\"button\" class=\"vc-preset-btn\" data-v=\"1\" data-u=\"MPa\">1 MPa<\/button>\n            <button type=\"button\" class=\"vc-preset-btn\" data-v=\"1\" data-u=\"atm\">1 atm<\/button>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/form>\n\n    <!-- Results -->\n    <div class=\"vc-results\" id=\"vc-results\">\n        <div class=\"vc-results-head\">\n            <h2 class=\"vc-results-title\">Results<\/h2>\n            <button type=\"button\" class=\"vc-copy-btn\" id=\"vc-copy-btn\">\n                <svg width=\"14\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><rect x=\"9\" y=\"9\" width=\"13\" height=\"13\" rx=\"2\"\/><path d=\"M5 15H4a2 2 0 01-2-2V4a2 2 0 012-2h9a2 2 0 012 2v1\"\/><\/svg>\n                Copy All\n            <\/button>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"vc-result-grid\" id=\"vc-result-grid\">\n            <!-- Populated by JS -->\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Theory & Reference -->\n<div class=\"vc-section vc-open\" id=\"vc-sec-theory\">\n    <button type=\"button\" class=\"vc-section-toggle\" aria-expanded=\"true\">\n        <span class=\"vc-section-toggle-text\">\n            <span class=\"vc-section-icon\">\ud83d\udcd8<\/span>\n            <span class=\"vc-section-title\">Theory &amp; Conversion Factors<\/span>\n        <\/span>\n        <svg class=\"vc-section-chevron\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path d=\"M6 9l6 6 6-6\"\/><\/svg>\n    <\/button>\n    <div class=\"vc-section-body\">\n        <div class=\"vc-section-inner vc-theory\">\n            <h3>Conversion Method<\/h3>\n            <p>All conversions go through Pascal (Pa) as the base SI unit. To convert from unit A to unit B:<\/p>\n            <div class=\"vc-formula-box\">Value_B = Value_A \u00d7 (Factor_A \/ Factor_B)<\/div>\n            <p>Where each factor represents how many Pascals equal one unit.<\/p>\n\n            <h3>Conversion Factors (to Pascal)<\/h3>\n            <table class=\"vc-table\">\n                <thead><tr><th>Unit<\/th><th>Symbol<\/th><th>1 unit = \u2026 Pa<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n                <tbody>\n                    <tr><td>Pascal<\/td><td>Pa<\/td><td>1<\/td><\/tr>\n                    <tr><td>Kilopascal<\/td><td>kPa<\/td><td>1,000<\/td><\/tr>\n                    <tr><td>Megapascal<\/td><td>MPa<\/td><td>1,000,000<\/td><\/tr>\n                    <tr><td>Bar<\/td><td>bar<\/td><td>100,000<\/td><\/tr>\n                    <tr><td>Millibar<\/td><td>mbar<\/td><td>100<\/td><\/tr>\n                    <tr><td>PSI<\/td><td>PSI<\/td><td>6,894.76<\/td><\/tr>\n                    <tr><td>Standard atmosphere<\/td><td>atm<\/td><td>101,325<\/td><\/tr>\n                    <tr><td>Technical atmosphere<\/td><td>kgf\/cm\u00b2 (at)<\/td><td>98,066.5<\/td><\/tr>\n                    <tr><td>Millimeters of mercury<\/td><td>mmHg (torr)<\/td><td>133.322<\/td><\/tr>\n                    <tr><td>Inches of mercury<\/td><td>inHg<\/td><td>3,386.39<\/td><\/tr>\n                    <tr><td>Millimeters of water<\/td><td>mmH\u2082O<\/td><td>9.80665<\/td><\/tr>\n                    <tr><td>Inches of water<\/td><td>inH\u2082O<\/td><td>249.089<\/td><\/tr>\n                <\/tbody>\n            <\/table>\n\n            <h3>Common Conversions<\/h3>\n            <div class=\"vc-example-box\">\n                <div class=\"vc-example-title\">Quick Reference<\/div>\n                <p>1 bar = 14.5038 PSI = 100 kPa = 0.1 MPa<\/p>\n                <p>1 atm = 1.01325 bar = 14.696 PSI = 101.325 kPa<\/p>\n                <p>1 MPa = 10 bar = 145.038 PSI<\/p>\n                <p>1 kgf\/cm\u00b2 = 0.98067 bar = 14.223 PSI<\/p>\n                <p>1 atm = 760 mmHg = 29.921 inHg<\/p>\n            <\/div>\n\n            <h3>Gauge vs. Absolute Pressure<\/h3>\n            <div class=\"vc-info-box\">\n                <p><strong>Important:<\/strong> This converter handles absolute values. Gauge pressure (barg, psig) is measured relative to atmospheric pressure. To convert: P<sub>absolute<\/sub> = P<sub>gauge<\/sub> + P<sub>atmospheric<\/sub>. Standard atmospheric pressure = 1 atm = 1.01325 bar = 14.696 PSI.<\/p>\n            <\/div>\n\n            <div class=\"vc-warning-box\">\n                <p style=\"margin:0;font-size:14px;color:var(--vc-ink-secondary);\"><strong>\u26a0\ufe0f Note:<\/strong> mmH\u2082O and inH\u2082O values depend on water temperature (density). The factors used here are at 4 \u00b0C (maximum density). At room temperature, actual values may differ by ~0.2%.<\/p>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Related Calculators -->\n<div class=\"vc-section\" id=\"vc-sec-related\">\n    <button type=\"button\" class=\"vc-section-toggle\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n        <span class=\"vc-section-toggle-text\">\n            <span class=\"vc-section-icon\">\ud83d\udd17<\/span>\n            <span class=\"vc-section-title\">Related Calculators<\/span>\n        <\/span>\n        <svg class=\"vc-section-chevron\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path d=\"M6 9l6 6 6-6\"\/><\/svg>\n    <\/button>\n    <div class=\"vc-section-body\">\n        <div class=\"vc-section-inner\">\n            <div class=\"vc-related\">\n                <a class=\"vc-related-link\" href=\"\/calculators\/residual-unbalance-iso1940\/\">Residual Unbalance (ISO 1940)<\/a>\n                <a class=\"vc-related-link\" href=\"\/calculators\/wheel-balancing-weights\/\">Wheel Balancing Weights<\/a>\n                <a class=\"vc-related-link\" href=\"\/calculators\/vibration-velocity\/\">Vibration Velocity (ISO 10816)<\/a>\n                <a class=\"vc-related-link\" href=\"\/calculators\/trial-weight-calculator\/\">Trial Weight Calculator<\/a>\n                <a class=\"vc-related-link\" href=\"\/calculators\/vibration-displacement\/\">Vibration Displacement<\/a>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- FAQ -->\n<div class=\"vc-section\" id=\"vc-sec-faq\">\n    <button type=\"button\" class=\"vc-section-toggle\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n        <span class=\"vc-section-toggle-text\">\n            <span class=\"vc-section-icon\">\u2753<\/span>\n            <span class=\"vc-section-title\">Frequently Asked Questions<\/span>\n        <\/span>\n        <svg class=\"vc-section-chevron\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path d=\"M6 9l6 6 6-6\"\/><\/svg>\n    <\/button>\n    <div class=\"vc-section-body\">\n        <div class=\"vc-section-inner\">\n            <div class=\"vc-faq-list\" id=\"vc-faq-list\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Promo -->\n<div class=\"vc-promo\">\n    <div class=\"vc-promo-text\">\n        <strong>Vibromera \u2014 Portable Balancing &amp; Vibration Analysis<\/strong><br>\n        Professional field balancing instruments and software. Precision measurement tools for industrial applications. Used in 50+ countries.\n    <\/div>\n    <a class=\"vc-promo-link\" href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Learn More<\/a>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Footer -->\n<footer class=\"vc-footer\">\n    <p>\u00a9 2024\u20132026 <a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/\">Vibromera<\/a> \u2014 Engineering Calculators<\/p>\n    <p style=\"font-size:12px;margin-top:4px;\">Pressure unit converter. Last updated: February 2026<\/p>\n    <div class=\"vc-footer-links\">\n        <a href=\"\/calculators\/engineering-calculators\/\">All Calculators<\/a>\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/contacts\/\">Contact<\/a>\n    <\/div>\n<\/footer>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<script>\n(function() {\n    'use strict';\n\n    var SLUG = 'pressure-unit-converter';\n\n    \/\/ Conversion factors: 1 unit = X Pascals\n    var UNITS = [\n        { key: 'bar',     label: 'Bar',              symbol: 'bar',     factor: 1e5,       primary: true },\n        { key: 'mbar',    label: 'Millibar',         symbol: 'mbar',    factor: 100,       primary: false },\n        { key: 'PSI',     label: 'PSI',              symbol: 'PSI',     factor: 6894.76,   primary: false },\n        { key: 'kPa',     label: 'Kilopascal',       symbol: 'kPa',    factor: 1000,      primary: false },\n        { key: 'MPa',     label: 'Megapascal',       symbol: 'MPa',    factor: 1e6,       primary: false },\n        { key: 'Pa',      label: 'Pascal',           symbol: 'Pa',     factor: 1,         primary: true },\n        { key: 'atm',     label: 'Atmosphere',       symbol: 'atm',    factor: 101325,    primary: false },\n        { key: 'kgf\/cm\u00b2', label: 'kgf\/cm\u00b2',         symbol: 'kgf\/cm\u00b2',factor: 98066.5,   primary: false },\n        { key: 'mmHg',    label: 'mmHg (torr)',      symbol: 'mmHg',   factor: 133.322,   primary: false },\n        { key: 'inHg',    label: 'Inches of Mercury', symbol: 'inHg',  factor: 3386.39,   primary: false },\n        { key: 'mmH\u2082O',  label: 'mm Water Column',  symbol: 'mmH\u2082O',  factor: 9.80665,   primary: false },\n        { key: 'inH\u2082O',  label: 'Inch Water Column', symbol: 'inH\u2082O', factor: 249.089,   primary: false }\n    ];\n\n    function $(id) { return document.getElementById(id); }\n\n    function smartFormat(n) {\n        if (isNaN(n) || !isFinite(n)) return '\u2014';\n        var abs = Math.abs(n);\n        if (abs === 0) return '0';\n        if (abs >= 1e9 || abs < 1e-6) return n.toExponential(4);\n        if (abs >= 1e6) return n.toFixed(0).replace(\/\\B(?=(\\d{3})+(?!\\d))\/g, ',');\n        if (abs >= 1000) return n.toFixed(2).replace(\/\\.?0+$\/, '').replace(\/\\B(?=(\\d{3})+(?!\\d))\/g, ',');\n        if (abs >= 1) return n.toFixed(4).replace(\/\\.?0+$\/, '');\n        if (abs >= 0.01) return n.toFixed(6).replace(\/\\.?0+$\/, '');\n        return n.toExponential(4);\n    }\n\n    \/* \u2500\u2500 CALCULATION \u2500\u2500 *\/\n    function calculate() {\n        var val = parseFloat($('vc-value').value);\n        var unitKey = $('vc-unit').value;\n\n        if (isNaN(val)) {\n            $('vc-results').classList.remove('vc-visible');\n            return;\n        }\n\n        \/\/ Find input factor\n        var inputFactor = 1;\n        for (var i = 0; i < UNITS.length; i++) {\n            if (UNITS[i].key === unitKey) { inputFactor = UNITS[i].factor; break; }\n        }\n\n        var pa = val * inputFactor; \/\/ convert to Pa\n\n        var grid = $('vc-result-grid');\n        var html = '';\n        for (var j = 0; j < UNITS.length; j++) {\n            var u = UNITS[j];\n            var converted = pa \/ u.factor;\n            var isPrimary = (u.key === 'bar' || u.key === 'Pa');\n            var isInput = (u.key === unitKey);\n\n            html += '<div class=\"vc-rcard' + (isPrimary ? ' vc-rcard-primary' : '') + '\" data-unit=\"' + u.key + '\" data-value=\"' + converted + '\" title=\"Click to copy\">';\n            html += '<div class=\"vc-rcard-label\">' + u.label + (isInput ? ' (input)' : '') + '<\/div>';\n            html += '<div class=\"vc-rcard-value\">' + smartFormat(converted) + ' <span class=\"vc-rcard-unit\">' + u.symbol + '<\/span><\/div>';\n            html += '<\/div>';\n        }\n        grid.innerHTML = html;\n\n        \/\/ Click-to-copy on individual cards\n        grid.querySelectorAll('.vc-rcard').forEach(function(card) {\n            card.addEventListener('click', function() {\n                var v = this.getAttribute('data-value');\n                var u = this.getAttribute('data-unit');\n                if (navigator.clipboard) {\n                    navigator.clipboard.writeText(parseFloat(v).toPrecision(8) + ' ' + u);\n                    this.classList.add('vc-rcard-copied');\n                    var self = this;\n                    setTimeout(function() { self.classList.remove('vc-rcard-copied'); }, 300);\n                }\n            });\n        });\n\n        $('vc-results').classList.add('vc-visible');\n\n        \/\/ URL params\n        var url = new URL(window.location);\n        url.searchParams.set('value', val);\n        url.searchParams.set('unit', unitKey);\n        history.replaceState(null, '', url.toString());\n\n        \/\/ History\n        saveHistory({\n            value: val, unit: unitKey,\n            _summary: val + ' ' + unitKey\n        });\n    }\n\n    \/* \u2500\u2500 PRESETS \u2500\u2500 *\/\n    document.querySelectorAll('.vc-preset-btn').forEach(function(btn) {\n        btn.addEventListener('click', function(e) {\n            e.preventDefault();\n            $('vc-value').value = this.getAttribute('data-v');\n            $('vc-unit').value = this.getAttribute('data-u');\n            calculate();\n        });\n    });\n\n    \/* \u2500\u2500 AUTO-CALCULATE \u2500\u2500 *\/\n    $('vc-form').addEventListener('input', calculate);\n    $('vc-form').addEventListener('change', calculate);\n\n    \/* \u2500\u2500 COPY ALL \u2500\u2500 *\/\n    $('vc-copy-btn').addEventListener('click', function() {\n        var val = $('vc-value').value;\n        var unitKey = $('vc-unit').value;\n        var lines = ['Pressure Conversion: ' + val + ' ' + unitKey, '\u2501\u2501\u2501\u2501\u2501\u2501\u2501\u2501\u2501\u2501\u2501\u2501\u2501\u2501\u2501\u2501\u2501\u2501\u2501\u2501\u2501'];\n\n        var inputFactor = 1;\n        for (var i = 0; i < UNITS.length; i++) {\n            if (UNITS[i].key === unitKey) { inputFactor = UNITS[i].factor; break; }\n        }\n        var pa = parseFloat(val) * inputFactor;\n\n        for (var j = 0; j < UNITS.length; j++) {\n            var u = UNITS[j];\n            var converted = pa \/ u.factor;\n            lines.push(u.label + ': ' + smartFormat(converted) + ' ' + u.symbol);\n        }\n        lines.push('\u2501\u2501\u2501\u2501\u2501\u2501\u2501\u2501\u2501\u2501\u2501\u2501\u2501\u2501\u2501\u2501\u2501\u2501\u2501\u2501\u2501');\n        lines.push('vibromera.eu\/calculators\/pressure-unit-converter\/');\n        var text = lines.join('\\n');\n\n        if (navigator.clipboard) {\n            navigator.clipboard.writeText(text).then(function() {\n                var btn = $('vc-copy-btn');\n                btn.classList.add('vc-copied');\n                btn.innerHTML = '<svg width=\"14\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><polyline points=\"20 6 9 17 4 12\"\/><\/svg> Copied!';\n                setTimeout(function() {\n                    btn.classList.remove('vc-copied');\n                    btn.innerHTML = '<svg width=\"14\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><rect x=\"9\" y=\"9\" width=\"13\" height=\"13\" rx=\"2\"\/><path d=\"M5 15H4a2 2 0 01-2-2V4a2 2 0 012-2h9a2 2 0 012 2v1\"\/><\/svg> Copy All';\n                }, 2000);\n            });\n        }\n    });\n\n    \/* \u2500\u2500 COLLAPSIBLE SECTIONS \u2500\u2500 *\/\n    document.querySelectorAll('.vc-section-toggle').forEach(function(btn) {\n        btn.addEventListener('click', function() {\n            var section = this.closest('.vc-section');\n            var isOpen = section.classList.contains('vc-open');\n            section.classList.toggle('vc-open');\n            this.setAttribute('aria-expanded', !isOpen);\n        });\n    });\n\n    \/* \u2500\u2500 FAQ \u2500\u2500 *\/\n    var faqData = [\n        { q: 'What is the difference between bar and atm?', a: '<p><strong>Bar<\/strong> and <strong>atm<\/strong> (standard atmosphere) are both units of pressure that are very close in value:<\/p><ul><li>1 atm = 1.01325 bar<\/li><li>1 bar \u2248 0.98692 atm<\/li><\/ul><p>The bar is commonly used in industry, engineering, and meteorology. The atm is used in chemistry as a reference for standard conditions, and in diving and aviation.<\/p>' },\n        { q: 'How do you convert PSI to bar?', a: '<p>To convert PSI to bar:<\/p><p><strong>bar = PSI \u00f7 14.5038<\/strong><\/p><p>Examples:<\/p><ul><li>30 PSI = 2.069 bar (typical car tire)<\/li><li>100 PSI = 6.895 bar<\/li><li>3000 PSI = 206.8 bar (scuba tank)<\/li><\/ul><p>Conversely, to convert bar to PSI: <strong>PSI = bar \u00d7 14.5038<\/strong><\/p>' },\n        { q: 'What is the difference between gauge and absolute pressure?', a: '<p><strong>Absolute pressure<\/strong> is measured relative to a perfect vacuum (zero reference).<\/p><p><strong>Gauge pressure<\/strong> is measured relative to atmospheric pressure (what a typical pressure gauge reads).<\/p><p>The relationship is:<\/p><p><strong>P<sub>absolute<\/sub> = P<sub>gauge<\/sub> + P<sub>atmospheric<\/sub><\/strong><\/p><p>For example, a tire gauge reading 32 PSI (gauge) means 32 + 14.7 = 46.7 PSI absolute. Units often have suffixes: psig\/psia, barg\/bara.<\/p>' },\n        { q: 'What is mmHg used for?', a: '<p><strong>mmHg<\/strong> (millimeters of mercury), also called <strong>torr<\/strong>, is commonly used in:<\/p><ul><li><strong>Medicine<\/strong> \u2014 blood pressure measurement (e.g., 120\/80 mmHg)<\/li><li><strong>Vacuum technology<\/strong> \u2014 measuring low pressures<\/li><li><strong>Meteorology<\/strong> \u2014 barometric pressure<\/li><\/ul><p>1 mmHg = 133.322 Pa. Standard atmospheric pressure = 760 mmHg.<\/p>' },\n        { q: 'What is the difference between kPa and MPa?', a: '<p>Both are SI-derived units of pressure:<\/p><ul><li><strong>kPa<\/strong> (kilopascal) = 1,000 Pa \u2014 used for tire pressures, HVAC, weather<\/li><li><strong>MPa<\/strong> (megapascal) = 1,000,000 Pa = 1,000 kPa \u2014 used for hydraulic systems, material tensile strength, high-pressure applications<\/li><\/ul><p>Quick reference: 1 bar \u2248 100 kPa = 0.1 MPa<\/p>' }\n    ];\n\n    var faqList = $('vc-faq-list');\n    faqData.forEach(function(faq) {\n        faqList.innerHTML += '<div class=\"vc-faq-item\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"vc-faq-q\"><span>' + faq.q + '<\/span><svg class=\"vc-faq-chevron\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path d=\"M6 9l6 6 6-6\"\/><\/svg><\/button><div class=\"vc-faq-a\"><div class=\"vc-faq-a-inner\">' + faq.a + '<\/div><\/div><\/div>';\n    });\n    faqList.addEventListener('click', function(e) {\n        var btn = e.target.closest('.vc-faq-q');\n        if (!btn) return;\n        btn.closest('.vc-faq-item').classList.toggle('vc-open');\n    });\n\n    \/* \u2500\u2500 HISTORY \u2500\u2500 *\/\n    function saveHistory(entry) {\n        var key = 'vc_history_' + SLUG;\n        var arr = [];\n        try { arr = JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem(key)) || []; } catch(e) {}\n        entry._ts = new Date().toISOString();\n        arr.unshift(entry);\n        if (arr.length > 10) arr = arr.slice(0, 10);\n        try { localStorage.setItem(key, JSON.stringify(arr)); } catch(e) {}\n    }\n\n    \/* \u2500\u2500 URL PARAMS \u2500\u2500 *\/\n    function loadParams() {\n        var p = new URLSearchParams(window.location.search);\n        if (p.get('value')) $('vc-value').value = p.get('value');\n        if (p.get('unit')) $('vc-unit').value = p.get('unit');\n    }\n\n    \/* \u2500\u2500 INIT \u2500\u2500 *\/\n    function init() {\n        loadParams();\n        calculate();\n    }\n\n    if (document.readyState === 'loading') {\n        document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', init);\n    } else {\n        init();\n    }\n})();\n<\/script>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Free online pressure unit converter. Convert between bar, PSI, MPa, kPa, Pa, atm, kgf\/cm\u00b2, mmHg, inHg, mbar, mmH\u2082O, and inH\u2082O. Instant results for all units simultaneously.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","meta":{"ai_generated_summary":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-100196","calculator","type-calculator","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/bn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/calculator\/100196","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/bn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/calculator"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/bn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/calculator"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/bn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/calculator\/100196\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":100511,"href":"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/bn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/calculator\/100196\/revisions\/100511"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/bn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=100196"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/bn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=100196"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/bn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=100196"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}