{"id":2193,"date":"2023-04-08T00:09:07","date_gmt":"2023-04-08T00:09:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/?p=2193"},"modified":"2026-07-03T10:49:02","modified_gmt":"2026-07-03T10:49:02","slug":"o-skusenostiach-vyvazenia-kardanoveho-hriadela-priamo-na-motorovom-grejdri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/sk\/example\/about-the-experience-of-balancing-the-cardan-shaft-directly-on-the-motor-grader\/","title":{"rendered":"O sk\u00fasenostiach s vyva\u017eovan\u00edm kardanov\u00e9ho hriade\u013ea priamo na graderi."},"content":{"rendered":"

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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPrenosn\u00fd vyva\u017eova\u010d a analyz\u00e1tor vibr\u00e1ci\u00ed Balanset-1A<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
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\u20ac<\/span>1,975.00<\/span> + DPH (ak sa uplat\u0148uje)<\/h4><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/a>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>Prida\u0165 do ko\u0161\u00edka<\/a>\t\n\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/a>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>Prida\u0165 do ko\u0161\u00edka<\/a>\t\n\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tOptick\u00fd senzor (laserov\u00fd tachometer)<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tDynamick\u00fd vyva\u017eova\u010d \"Balanset-1A\" OEM<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/a>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>Prida\u0165 do ko\u0161\u00edka<\/a>\t\n\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n

O sk\u00fasenostiach s vyva\u017eovan\u00edm kardanov\u00e9ho hriade\u013ea priamo na motorovom grejderi<\/h1>\n\n

Na\u0161iel som star\u00fa kore\u0161pondenciu medzi na\u0161\u00edm ved\u00facim \u0161pecialista a jedn\u00fdm z na\u0161ich z\u00e1kazn\u00edkov.
Kore\u0161pondencia spred desiatich rokov!<\/p>\n

Autor: Valery Davydovich<\/p>\n

\u00davod<\/h2>\n

Mus\u00edm prizna\u0165, \u017ee ma ve\u013emi prekvapil a pote\u0161il list, ktor\u00fd n\u00e1m nap\u00edsal Andrej Kobjakov, vodi\u010d motorov\u00e9ho grejdra.<\/p>\n

Jeho list ma dokonca prekvapil – \u0161pecialista s viac ako 35-ro\u010dn\u00fdmi sk\u00fasenos\u0165ami v oblasti vibrodiagnostics<\/a> a vyva\u017eovanie<\/a>. A dlh\u00fd \u010das som pracoval v obrannom priemysle a vyv\u00e1\u017eil viac ako 1500 r\u00f4znych strojov a mechanizmov, po\u010dn\u00fac be\u017en\u00fdmi ventil\u00e1tormi a dymov\u00fdmi \u010derpadlami a kon\u010diac syst\u00e9mami nav\u00e1dzania ant\u00e9n a unik\u00e1tnymi gyroskopmi.<\/p>\n

A tu po prv\u00fdkr\u00e1t v vyva\u017eovanie na mieste<\/a> v\u00fdkonn\u00e9ho cestn\u00e9ho stroja – motorov\u00e9ho grejdera!!!, ktor\u00e9ho vodi\u010dom je Andrej.<\/p>\n

\"Vyva\u017eovanie

Vyva\u017eovanie kardanov\u00e9ho hriade\u013ea, k\u013eukov\u00e9ho hriade\u013ea a spojkov\u00e9ho ko\u0161a priamo na motorovom grejdri<\/p><\/div>\n

Andrej z\u00edskal n\u00e1\u0161 vyva\u017eovac\u00ed pr\u00edstroj “Balanset-1”<\/a> celkom ned\u00e1vno – koncom augusta tohto roka (2012).<\/p>\n

Za nie\u010do vy\u0161e dvoch mesiacov odvtedy sa mu podarilo nielen zvl\u00e1dnu\u0165 hardv\u00e9r a technol\u00f3giu vyva\u017eovania, ale aj bez demont\u00e1\u017ee odstr\u00e1ni\u0165 nerovnov\u00e1ha<\/a> hlavn\u00fdch uzlov svojho stroja (hnac\u00ed hriade\u013e, k\u013eukov\u00fd hriade\u013e s ko\u0161om spojky, koles\u00e1).<\/p>\n

Takto Andrej opisuje pr\u00e1cu, ktor\u00fa vykonal, vo svojej kore\u0161pondencii s nami.
(S jeho s\u00fahlasom uverej\u0148ujem jeho listy bez \u0161krtov a \u00faprav).<\/p>\n

1. List od A. Kobyakova zo d\u0148a 18. okt\u00f3bra 2012<\/h2>\n

Dobr\u00fd de\u0148, Valery Davydovich! Chcel som v\u00e1m nap\u00edsa\u0165. Pr\u00e1cu so zariaden\u00edm som zvl\u00e1dol pomerne r\u00fdchlo a v\u0161etko je dostupn\u00e9 aj pre nepripraven\u00fdch \u013eud\u00ed, ako som ja. M\u00f4j notebook prij\u00edma program bez korekci\u00ed. Pri mojej prvej in\u0161tal\u00e1cii na stacion\u00e1rny po\u010d\u00edta\u010d, pri vyva\u017eovan\u00ed kolies, je v\u00fdsledok lep\u0161\u00ed ako pri mont\u00e1\u017ei pneumat\u00edk. Vysk\u00fa\u0161al som 2 hnacie hriadele na mieste, vyv\u00e1\u017eenie sa zd\u00e1 by\u0165 v poriadku. Celkovo zariadenie splnilo moje o\u010dak\u00e1vania dobrej funk\u010dnosti za rozumn\u00fa cenu. Minule som vyv\u00e1\u017eil zotrva\u010dn\u00edk na motorovom grejdri, na ktorom s\u00e1m pracujem. Po\u010diato\u010dn\u00e1 nevyv\u00e1\u017eenos\u0165 bola viac ako 8 000 g*mm, zost\u00e1vaj\u00faca nevyv\u00e1\u017eenos\u0165 bola pribli\u017ene 900 g*mm, s toleranciou 400 g*mm. Mohol som to urobi\u0165 lep\u0161ie, ale nechal som to z\u00e1merne, preto\u017ee bude potrebn\u00e9 vyv\u00e1\u017ei\u0165 zostavu spojky. Potom budeme musie\u0165 vyv\u00e1\u017ei\u0165 kardan motora s prevodovkou na tom istom grejdri. Je to ve\u010dn\u00fd probl\u00e9m pri motorov\u00fdch grejdroch. Moji nadriaden\u00ed sa na t\u00fato pr\u00e1cu pozerali trochu sarkasticky, ale to asi uk\u00e1\u017ee \u010das.
V tomto procese vznikla ot\u00e1zka: Ako posklada\u0165 korek\u010dn\u00e9 z\u00e1va\u017eia do jedn\u00e9ho vyva\u017eovacieho z\u00e1va\u017eia? Pri vyva\u017eovan\u00ed kardanu je to v\u00fdhodnej\u0161ie. Pod\u013ea m\u00f4jho n\u00e1zoru by bolo vo v\u0161eobecnosti skvel\u00e9, keby program vedel tak\u00fdto v\u00fdpo\u010det vykona\u0165.<\/p>\n

2. List od A. Kobyakova zo d\u0148a 31. okt\u00f3bra 2012<\/h2>\n

Dobr\u00fd de\u0148, Valery Davydovich!
Chcem v\u00e1m porozpr\u00e1va\u0165 o vykonanej pr\u00e1ci. Ako som v\u00e1m hovoril, sk\u00fasil som vyv\u00e1\u017ei\u0165 zostavu spojky. Prv\u00fd pokus bol ne\u00faspe\u0161n\u00fd. Po\u010diato\u010dn\u00e1 nevyv\u00e1\u017eenos\u0165 bola vy\u0161e 28 000 g*mm. Dospel som k z\u00e1veru- nespr\u00e1vne zarovnanie<\/a>. Potom bola zostava rozobrat\u00e1 a skontrolovan\u00e1. Zistilo sa opotrebovanie vyrovn\u00e1vac\u00edch otvorov v skrini spojky a oder pri\u013eahl\u00fdch pl\u00f4ch skrine. Medzikus v poriadku, un\u00e1\u0161a\u010de nov\u00e9, ale pochybnej kvality (oblo\u017eenie posunut\u00e9). Nov\u00fd som si vybral s\u00e1m, vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00fd bol len jeden zo \u0161tyroch. Tak to je. Mont\u00e1\u017e prebehla starostlivej\u0161ie s pomocou pr\u00edstroja. Kolegovia si pri tom \u0165ukali na \u010delo. Urobil som zauj\u00edmav\u00fd objav: medzikus sa d\u00e1 nasadi\u0165 len v jednej polohe z troch a k\u00f4\u0161 tie\u017e. Vo v\u00fdsledku som ho vyv\u00e1\u017eil na 2600 g*mm. Hmotnos\u0165 celej zostavy zotrva\u010dn\u00edk + medziun\u00e1\u0161a\u010d + k\u00f4\u0161 je asi 80 k\u00edl, polomer 430 mm, ot\u00e1\u010dky 1900 \u2013 2000 ot.\/min. Motor je spokojn\u00fd, be\u017e\u00ed hladko.<\/p>\n

\u010ealej kardan. Prv\u00fd pokus bol op\u00e4\u0165 ne\u00faspe\u0161n\u00fd, m\u00e1 hmotnos\u0165 15 kg, d\u013a\u017eku 650 mm.<\/p>\n

Skontroloval som pr\u00edruby, kr\u00ed\u017ee, v\u0161etko je v poriadku, ale nejde to. Odmontoval som kardan. Ot\u00e1\u010dal som n\u00edm pol hodiny. Aj tak som si v\u0161imol mierny radi\u00e1lny pohyb v jednom z kr\u00ed\u017eov. V\u00fdmena pav\u00faka, vyv\u00e1\u017eenie.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdsledok: po\u010diato\u010dn\u00e1 nevyv\u00e1\u017eenos\u0165<\/a> v prvej rovine 1600 g*mm, v druhej rovine 1000 g*mm. Zvy\u0161kov\u00e1 nevyv\u00e1\u017eenos\u0165<\/a> v 1. rovine 36 g*mm, v 2. rovine 9 g*mm. Potlesk. Opona. \u0160\u00e9fovia s\u00fa v \u0161oku.<\/p>\n

Valerij Davidovi\u010d, ako m\u00f4\u017eete hodnoti\u0165 tak\u00fato pr\u00e1cu ako odborn\u00edk?<\/p>\n

3. List od A. Kobyakova zo 7. novembra 2012<\/h2>\n

Valery Davydovich, dobr\u00fd de\u0148! Kone\u010dne v\u00e1m posielam v\u00fdsledky svojej pr\u00e1ce. Na fotografii je prv\u00fd \"\u0161\u0165astlivec\" n\u00e1\u0161ho mesta. Vyva\u017eovanie nikto predt\u00fdm nerobil ani na aut\u00e1ch, nieto e\u0161te na \u0165a\u017ek\u00fdch strojoch. Jedinou v\u00fdnimkou s\u00fa moje pokusy, viac \u010di menej \u00faspe\u0161n\u00e9.
Na fotografii vid\u00edme pomerne mas\u00edvny hnac\u00ed hriade\u013e, na ktorom s\u00fa pomocou p\u00e1sov\u00fdch svoriek upevnen\u00e9 segmenty olovenej ty\u010de<\/p>\n

\"Obr.1

Obr.1 Fotografia kardanu s korek\u010dn\u00fdmi z\u00e1va\u017eiami nain\u0161talovan\u00fdmi v rovin\u00e1ch 1 a 2.<\/p><\/div>\n

M\u00f4\u017eete tie\u017e vidie\u0165 privaren\u00e9 tov\u00e1rensk\u00e9 z\u00e1va\u017eie. Na videu m\u00f4\u017eete pozorova\u0165 plynul\u00e9 ot\u00e1\u010danie hriade\u013ea. Prevodovka (na videu v\u013eavo) sa nepohybuje. Nie je pozorovan\u00fd \u017eiadny posun motora (vpravo). V kab\u00edne doch\u00e1dza k v\u00fdrazn\u00e9mu zn\u00ed\u017eeniu hluku, vibr\u00e1cie prakticky nie je c\u00edti\u0165. Z\u00e1pis z vyva\u017eovania 29. 10. 2012 pred opravou hnacieho hriade\u013ea (v\u00fdmena jedn\u00e9ho prie\u010dnika). Z\u00e1pis z 31. 10. 2012 po oprave. Protokoly potvrden\u00e9 na\u0161\u00edm mechanikom, ktor\u00fd sa mimochodom na t\u00fato pr\u00e1cu pozeral ve\u013emi negat\u00edvne.<\/p>\n

(Pozn\u00e1mka: Bohu\u017eia\u013e, samotn\u00e9 video som nena\u0161iel.)<\/em><\/p>\n

\"Obr.

Obr. 2 Fotografia kardanu s korek\u010dn\u00fdmi z\u00e1va\u017eiami nain\u0161talovan\u00fdmi v rovin\u00e1ch 1 a 2.<\/p><\/div>\n

\"Obr.

Obr. 3. Fotografia kardanu s korek\u010dn\u00fdm z\u00e1va\u017e\u00edm v rovine 2.<\/p><\/div>\n

Vibr\u00e1cie pretrv\u00e1vaj\u00fa, ale s\u00fa vidite\u013en\u00e9 v prednej \u010dasti motora, pravdepodobne v hnacej remenici a ventil\u00e1tore. Teraz je grejder mimo bojovej slu\u017eby a pokusy sa zastavili.
Za\u010dal som vyva\u017eova\u0165 zotrva\u010dn\u00edk n\u00e1\u0161ho druh\u00e9ho bagra a hne\u010f som sa vr\u00e1til k oprave. Zistil som axi\u00e1lny a radi\u00e1lny pohyb k\u013eukov\u00e9ho hriade\u013ea. Po otvoren\u00ed sa uk\u00e1zalo, \u017ee je potrebn\u00e9 br\u00fasenie.
Pros\u00edm, odpus\u0165te mi, ak som poru\u0161il fyzik\u00e1lne z\u00e1kony, len som nevedel, \u017ee to m\u00f4\u017eete urobi\u0165.
S pozdravom, Andrew.<\/p>\n

Odpove\u010f na Kobyakovove listy<\/h2>\n

Andrew, porovnal som va\u0161e v\u00fdsledky vyva\u017eovania s po\u017eiadavkami na tieto rotory, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa uveden\u00e9 v norme GOST 22061-76 Stroje a technologick\u00e9 zariadenia. Kvalita vyv\u00e1\u017eenia<\/a> syst\u00e9m tried. V\u0161eobecn\u00e9 ustanovenia (modern\u00fdm medzin\u00e1rodn\u00fdm ekvivalentom je ISO 21940-11, predt\u00fdm ISO 1940-1).
Mysl\u00edm si, \u017ee pre v\u00e1s bude zauj\u00edmav\u00e9 porovna\u0165 va\u0161e v\u00fdsledky s toleranciami tejto normy.
1. K\u013eukov\u00fd hriade\u013e (vr\u00e1tane spojkov\u00e9ho ko\u0161a at\u010f.)
Tolerancia by mala zodpoveda\u0165 triede presnosti 6 (pozri pr\u00edlohu 1, strana 13).
V tejto triede a pri 2000 ot\u00e1\u010dkach za min\u00fatu s\u00fa pr\u00edpustn\u00e9 hodnoty zostatkovej nevyv\u00e1\u017eenosti pre ka\u017ed\u00fa rovinu medzi 40 a 100 \u00b5m (pozri diagramy na strane 3).
Po prepo\u010d\u00edtan\u00ed na pr\u00edpustn\u00fa zostatkov\u00fa nevyv\u00e1\u017eenos\u0165 pre v\u00e1\u0161 rotor s hmotnos\u0165ou 80 kg je tolerancia medzi 3200 a 8000 g*mm.
Dosiahli ste 2600 g*mm.
2. Kardanov\u00fd hriade\u013e .
Tolerancia by mala by\u0165 triedy presnosti 5 (pozri dodatok 1, strana 13).
(V pr\u00edpade kardanov\u00e9ho hriade\u013ea ste neuviedli ot\u00e1\u010dky a ja som ich podmiene\u010dne pova\u017eoval za 2000 ot\/min).
Pre t\u00fato triedu a ot\u00e1\u010dky 2000 ot\/min je pr\u00edpustn\u00e1 zostatkov\u00e1 \u0161pecifick\u00e1 nevyv\u00e1\u017eenos\u0165 pre ka\u017ed\u00fa rovinu v rozmedz\u00ed 15 a\u017e 40 \u00b5m (pozri diagramy na strane 3).
Po prepo\u010dte na pr\u00edpustn\u00fa zvy\u0161kov\u00fa nevyv\u00e1\u017eenos\u0165 pre 15 kg kardanov\u00fd hriade\u013e sa tolerancia pohybuje v rozsahu 225 – 600 g*mm.
Podarilo sa v\u00e1m dosiahnu\u0165 36 g*mm v prvej rovine a 9 g*mm v druhej rovine !!!!.
To je p\u00f4sobiv\u00e9.
S pozdravom.
F.V.D.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2194,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ai_generated_summary":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[4,7,9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2193","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-example","category-mulchers","category-rotors"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2193","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2193"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2193\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":102211,"href":"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2193\/revisions\/102211"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2194"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2193"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2193"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2193"}],"curies":[{"name":"pracovn\u00fd list","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}