{"id":275,"date":"2025-10-31T00:25:51","date_gmt":"2025-10-31T00:25:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/glossary\/torsional-vibration\/"},"modified":"2026-07-03T10:16:55","modified_gmt":"2026-07-03T10:16:55","slug":"torsional-vibration","status":"publish","type":"glossary","link":"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/tt\/glossary\/torsional-vibration\/","title":{"rendered":"What is Torsional Vibration? Causes and Effects"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1>Understanding Torsional Vibration in Rotating Machinery<\/h1>\n\t\t<section class=\"woocommerce hestia-shop products is-shortcode\" id=\"products\" data-sorder=\"hestia_shop\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hestia-shop-content\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"row\" data-aos=\"fade-up\" >\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-ms-6 col-sm-6 col-md-3 shop-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/tt\/product\/balanset-1\/\" class=\"woocommerce-LoopProduct-link woocommerce-loop-product__link\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"card-image\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/tt\/product\/balanset-1\/\" title=\"Portable balancer &#038; Vibration analyzer Balanset-1A\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"230\" height=\"153\" src=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/77-e1693745667801-230x153.webp\" class=\"attachment-woocommerce_thumbnail size-woocommerce_thumbnail\" alt=\"Balanset-1A full kit portable balancer and vibration analyzer\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/77-e1693745667801-230x153.webp 230w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/77-e1693745667801-18x12.webp 18w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/77-e1693745667801-360x240.webp 360w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/77-e1693745667801-272x182.webp 272w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 230px) 100vw, 230px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ripple-container\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"category\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/tt\/product-category\/devices\/\" rel=\"tag\">Devices<\/a><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"card-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"shop-item-title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/tt\/product\/balanset-1\/\" title=\"Portable balancer &#038; Vibration analyzer Balanset-1A\">Portable balancer &#038; Vibration analyzer Balanset-1A<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"footer\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"price\"><h4><span class=\"woocommerce-Price-amount amount\"><span class=\"woocommerce-Price-currencySymbol\">&euro;<\/span>1,975.00<\/span> + VAT (if applicable)<\/h4><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"stats\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"\/tt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary\/275?add-to-cart=986\" data-quantity=\"1\" data-product_id=\"986\" data-product_sku=\"BS-1\" class=\"button product_type_simple add_to_cart_button ajax_add_to_cart btn btn-just-icon btn-simple btn-default\" title=\"Add to cart\" data-no-translation-title=\"\"><i rel=\"tooltip\" data-original-title=\"Add to cart\" class=\"fas fa-cart-plus\" data-no-translation-data-original-title=\"\"><\/i><\/a>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a><a href=\"\/tt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary\/275?add-to-cart=986\" aria-describedby=\"woocommerce_loop_add_to_cart_link_describedby_986\" data-quantity=\"1\" class=\"button product_type_simple add_to_cart_button ajax_add_to_cart\" data-product_id=\"986\" data-product_sku=\"BS-1\" aria-label=\"Add to cart: \u201cPortable balancer &amp; Vibration analyzer Balanset-1A\u201d\" rel=\"nofollow\" data-success_message=\"\u201cPortable balancer &amp; Vibration analyzer Balanset-1A\u201d has been added to your cart\" data-no-translation=\"\" data-trp-gettext=\"\" data-no-translation-aria-label=\"\" data-no-translation-data-success_message=\"\">Add to cart<\/a>\t<span id=\"woocommerce_loop_add_to_cart_link_describedby_986\" class=\"screen-reader-text\">\n\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-ms-6 col-sm-6 col-md-3 shop-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/tt\/product\/vibration-sensor\/\" class=\"woocommerce-LoopProduct-link woocommerce-loop-product__link\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"card-image\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/tt\/product\/vibration-sensor\/\" title=\"Vibration sensor\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"230\" height=\"153\" src=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/IMG-3-230x153.webp\" class=\"attachment-woocommerce_thumbnail size-woocommerce_thumbnail\" alt=\"Balanset-1A vibration sensor close-up\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/IMG-3-230x153.webp 230w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/IMG-3-600x400.webp 600w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/IMG-3-300x200.webp 300w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/IMG-3-768x512.webp 768w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/IMG-3-1024x682.webp 1024w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/IMG-3-272x182.webp 272w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/IMG-3.webp 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 230px) 100vw, 230px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ripple-container\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"category\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/tt\/product-category\/parts\/\" rel=\"tag\">Parts<\/a><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"card-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"shop-item-title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/tt\/product\/vibration-sensor\/\" title=\"Vibration sensor\">Vibration sensor<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"footer\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"price\"><h4><span class=\"woocommerce-Price-amount amount\"><span class=\"woocommerce-Price-currencySymbol\">&euro;<\/span>90.00<\/span> + VAT (if applicable)<\/h4><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"stats\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"\/tt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary\/275?add-to-cart=1820\" data-quantity=\"1\" data-product_id=\"1820\" data-product_sku=\"VS-1\" class=\"button product_type_simple add_to_cart_button ajax_add_to_cart btn btn-just-icon btn-simple btn-default\" title=\"Add to cart\" data-no-translation-title=\"\"><i rel=\"tooltip\" data-original-title=\"Add to cart\" class=\"fas fa-cart-plus\" data-no-translation-data-original-title=\"\"><\/i><\/a>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a><a href=\"\/tt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary\/275?add-to-cart=1820\" aria-describedby=\"woocommerce_loop_add_to_cart_link_describedby_1820\" data-quantity=\"1\" class=\"button product_type_simple add_to_cart_button ajax_add_to_cart\" data-product_id=\"1820\" data-product_sku=\"VS-1\" aria-label=\"Add to cart: \u201cVibration sensor\u201d\" rel=\"nofollow\" data-success_message=\"\u201cVibration sensor\u201d has been added to your cart\" data-no-translation=\"\" data-trp-gettext=\"\" data-no-translation-aria-label=\"\" data-no-translation-data-success_message=\"\">Add to cart<\/a>\t<span id=\"woocommerce_loop_add_to_cart_link_describedby_1820\" class=\"screen-reader-text\">\n\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-ms-6 col-sm-6 col-md-3 shop-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/tt\/product\/optical-sensor-for-balanset-and-arbalance\/\" class=\"woocommerce-LoopProduct-link woocommerce-loop-product__link\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"card-image\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/tt\/product\/optical-sensor-for-balanset-and-arbalance\/\" title=\"Optical Sensor (Laser Tachometer)\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"230\" height=\"153\" src=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/ZKqzGXSCCBU-230x153.webp\" class=\"attachment-woocommerce_thumbnail size-woocommerce_thumbnail\" alt=\"Optical Sensor (Laser Tachometer)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/ZKqzGXSCCBU-230x153.webp 230w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/ZKqzGXSCCBU-300x200.webp 300w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/ZKqzGXSCCBU-1024x682.webp 1024w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/ZKqzGXSCCBU-768x512.webp 768w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/ZKqzGXSCCBU-1536x1023.webp 1536w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/ZKqzGXSCCBU-18x12.webp 18w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/ZKqzGXSCCBU-360x240.webp 360w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/ZKqzGXSCCBU-460x306.webp 460w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/ZKqzGXSCCBU-600x400.webp 600w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/ZKqzGXSCCBU-272x182.webp 272w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/ZKqzGXSCCBU.webp 1600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 230px) 100vw, 230px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ripple-container\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"category\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/tt\/product-category\/parts\/\" rel=\"tag\">Parts<\/a><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"card-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"shop-item-title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/tt\/product\/optical-sensor-for-balanset-and-arbalance\/\" title=\"Optical Sensor (Laser Tachometer)\">Optical Sensor (Laser Tachometer)<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"footer\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"price\"><h4><span class=\"woocommerce-Price-amount amount\"><span class=\"woocommerce-Price-currencySymbol\">&euro;<\/span>124.00<\/span> + VAT (if applicable)<\/h4><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"stats\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"\/tt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary\/275?add-to-cart=1832\" data-quantity=\"1\" data-product_id=\"1832\" data-product_sku=\"Tach-1\" class=\"button product_type_simple add_to_cart_button ajax_add_to_cart btn btn-just-icon btn-simple btn-default\" title=\"Add to cart\" data-no-translation-title=\"\"><i rel=\"tooltip\" data-original-title=\"Add to cart\" class=\"fas fa-cart-plus\" data-no-translation-data-original-title=\"\"><\/i><\/a>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a><a href=\"\/tt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary\/275?add-to-cart=1832\" aria-describedby=\"woocommerce_loop_add_to_cart_link_describedby_1832\" data-quantity=\"1\" class=\"button product_type_simple add_to_cart_button ajax_add_to_cart\" data-product_id=\"1832\" data-product_sku=\"Tach-1\" aria-label=\"Add to cart: \u201cOptical Sensor (Laser Tachometer)\u201d\" rel=\"nofollow\" data-success_message=\"\u201cOptical Sensor (Laser Tachometer)\u201d has been added to your cart\" data-no-translation=\"\" data-trp-gettext=\"\" data-no-translation-aria-label=\"\" data-no-translation-data-success_message=\"\">Add to cart<\/a>\t<span id=\"woocommerce_loop_add_to_cart_link_describedby_1832\" class=\"screen-reader-text\">\n\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-ms-6 col-sm-6 col-md-3 shop-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/tt\/product\/balanset-4\/\" class=\"woocommerce-LoopProduct-link woocommerce-loop-product__link\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"card-image\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/tt\/product\/balanset-4\/\" title=\"Balanset-4\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"230\" height=\"153\" src=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/balkom4-230x153.webp\" class=\"attachment-woocommerce_thumbnail size-woocommerce_thumbnail\" alt=\"Vibromera rotor balancing kit: carry case, multi-channel signal conditioner, handheld analyzer, magnetic base, vibration sensors, and coiled cables.\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/balkom4-230x153.webp 230w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/balkom4-300x200.webp 300w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/balkom4-18x12.webp 18w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/balkom4-360x240.webp 360w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/balkom4-460x306.webp 460w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/balkom4-600x400.webp 600w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/balkom4-272x182.webp 272w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/balkom4.webp 640w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 230px) 100vw, 230px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ripple-container\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"category\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/tt\/product-category\/devices\/\" rel=\"tag\">Devices<\/a><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"card-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"shop-item-title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/tt\/product\/balanset-4\/\" title=\"Balanset-4\">Balanset-4<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"footer\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"price\"><h4><span class=\"woocommerce-Price-amount amount\"><span class=\"woocommerce-Price-currencySymbol\">&euro;<\/span>6,803.00<\/span> + VAT (if applicable)<\/h4><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"stats\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"\/tt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary\/275?add-to-cart=1833\" data-quantity=\"1\" data-product_id=\"1833\" data-product_sku=\"BS-4\" class=\"button product_type_simple add_to_cart_button ajax_add_to_cart btn btn-just-icon btn-simple btn-default\" title=\"Add to cart\" data-no-translation-title=\"\"><i rel=\"tooltip\" data-original-title=\"Add to cart\" class=\"fas fa-cart-plus\" data-no-translation-data-original-title=\"\"><\/i><\/a>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a><a href=\"\/tt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary\/275?add-to-cart=1833\" aria-describedby=\"woocommerce_loop_add_to_cart_link_describedby_1833\" data-quantity=\"1\" class=\"button product_type_simple add_to_cart_button ajax_add_to_cart\" data-product_id=\"1833\" data-product_sku=\"BS-4\" aria-label=\"Add to cart: \u201cBalanset-4\u201d\" rel=\"nofollow\" data-success_message=\"\u201cBalanset-4\u201d has been added to your cart\" data-no-translation=\"\" data-trp-gettext=\"\" data-no-translation-aria-label=\"\" data-no-translation-data-success_message=\"\">Add to cart<\/a>\t<span id=\"woocommerce_loop_add_to_cart_link_describedby_1833\" class=\"screen-reader-text\">\n\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- \/.row --><div class=\"row\">\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-ms-6 col-sm-6 col-md-3 shop-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/tt\/product\/magnet-stand\/\" class=\"woocommerce-LoopProduct-link woocommerce-loop-product__link\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"card-image\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/tt\/product\/magnet-stand\/\" title=\"Magnetic Stand Insize-60-kgf\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"230\" height=\"153\" src=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/IMG-36-230x153.webp\" class=\"attachment-woocommerce_thumbnail size-woocommerce_thumbnail\" alt=\"Magnet base.\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/IMG-36-230x153.webp 230w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/IMG-36-600x400.webp 600w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/IMG-36-300x200.webp 300w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/IMG-36-1024x682.webp 1024w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/IMG-36-768x512.webp 768w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/IMG-36-360x240.webp 360w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/IMG-36-272x182.webp 272w, https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/IMG-36.webp 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 230px) 100vw, 230px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ripple-container\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"category\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/tt\/product-category\/parts\/\" rel=\"tag\">Parts<\/a><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"card-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a 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data-no-translation-data-original-title=\"\"><\/i><\/a>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a><a href=\"\/tt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary\/275?add-to-cart=4193\" aria-describedby=\"woocommerce_loop_add_to_cart_link_describedby_4193\" data-quantity=\"1\" class=\"button product_type_simple add_to_cart_button ajax_add_to_cart\" data-product_id=\"4193\" data-product_sku=\"BS-1OEM\" aria-label=\"Add to cart: \u201cDynamic balancer \u201cBalanset-1A\u201d OEM\u201d\" rel=\"nofollow\" data-success_message=\"\u201cDynamic balancer \u201cBalanset-1A\u201d OEM\u201d has been added to your cart\" data-no-translation=\"\" data-trp-gettext=\"\" data-no-translation-aria-label=\"\" data-no-translation-data-success_message=\"\">Add to cart<\/a>\t<span id=\"woocommerce_loop_add_to_cart_link_describedby_4193\" class=\"screen-reader-text\">\n\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\n<p><strong>Torsional vibration<\/strong> is the angular oscillation of a rotating shaft about its own axis \u2014 a twisting and untwisting motion in which different sections of the shaft momentarily rotate at slightly different speeds. Unlike <a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/tt\/glossary\/lateral-vibration\/\">lateral vibration<\/a> (side-to-side motion) or <a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/tt\/glossary\/axial-vibration\/\">axial vibration<\/a> (back-and-forth motion along the shaft), torsional vibration involves no linear displacement at all; the shaft simply speeds up and slows down about the mean rotation, experiencing alternating positive and negative angular acceleration. Although its amplitudes are usually far smaller than those of lateral vibration and it is notoriously hard to detect, it can build enormous alternating stresses in shafts, couplings, and gears \u2014 and it is one of the few failure modes that can destroy a drivetrain with almost no warning.<\/p>\n<h2>1. The Physical Mechanism<\/h2>\n<h3>How Torsional Vibration Occurs<\/h3>\n<p>The mechanism is easiest to picture as a spring-mass system wrapped around the axis of rotation:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Imagine a long shaft connecting a motor to a driven load.<\/li>\n<li>The shaft behaves like a torsional spring, storing and releasing energy as it twists.<\/li>\n<li>When a varying torque disturbs it, the shaft oscillates, with sections rotating faster and slower than the average speed.<\/li>\n<li>These oscillations build up dramatically if the excitation frequency coincides with a torsional natural frequency \u2014 a torsional <a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/tt\/glossary\/resonance\/\">resonance<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Torsional Natural Frequencies<\/h3>\n<p>Every shaft system has torsional natural frequencies set by:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Shaft torsional stiffness:<\/strong> a function of shaft diameter, length, and the material&#8217;s shear modulus.<\/li>\n<li><strong>System inertia:<\/strong> the moments of inertia of the connected rotating components \u2014 motor rotor, couplings, gears, and load.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Multiple modes:<\/strong> complex drivetrains have several torsional natural frequencies, not just one.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Coupling effects:<\/strong> flexible couplings add torsional compliance, lowering the natural frequencies.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Because these frequencies depend only on stiffness and inertia \u2014 never on the bearings or foundation \u2014 a machine that is mechanically quiet in the radial sense can still be sitting on a dangerous torsional resonance.<\/p>\n<h2>2. Primary Causes of Torsional Vibration<\/h2>\n<h3>1. Variable Torque from Reciprocating Engines<\/h3>\n<p>The most common source in many applications:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Diesel and gasoline engines:<\/strong> each combustion event delivers a pulse of torque rather than a smooth push.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Firing order:<\/strong> creates harmonics of engine speed.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Cylinder count:<\/strong> fewer cylinders produce larger torque variation per revolution.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Resonance risk:<\/strong> the operating speed may coincide with a torsional <a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/tt\/glossary\/critical-speed\/\">critical speed<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>2. Gear Mesh Forces<\/h3>\n<p>Gear systems generate torsional excitation as a matter of course:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The <a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/tt\/glossary\/gear-mesh-frequency\/\">gear mesh frequency<\/a> (number of teeth \u00d7 RPM) produces an oscillating torque.<\/li>\n<li>Tooth-spacing errors and profile inaccuracies add to it.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/tt\/glossary\/backlash\/\">Gear backlash<\/a> can cause impact loading as teeth separate and re-engage.<\/li>\n<li>Multiple gear stages create complex, multi-mode torsional systems.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>3. Electrical Motor Issues<\/h3>\n<p>Electric motors can produce torsional disturbances of their own:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/tt\/glossary\/pole-pass-frequency\/\">Pole-passing frequency<\/a>:<\/strong> interaction between rotor and stator creates a pulsating torque.<\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/tt\/glossary\/broken-rotor-bars\/\">Broken rotor bars<\/a>:<\/strong> generate torque pulses at the <a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/tt\/glossary\/slip-frequency\/\">slip frequency<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Variable-frequency drives (VFDs):<\/strong> PWM switching can excite torsional modes directly.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Starting transients:<\/strong> a motor start delivers large torque oscillations as the rotor accelerates.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>4. Process Load Variations<\/h3>\n<p>Variable loading on the driven equipment feeds torque pulses back into the drivetrain:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Compressor <a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/tt\/glossary\/surging\/\">surge<\/a> events.<\/li>\n<li>Pump <a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/tt\/glossary\/cavitation\/\">cavitation<\/a> creating torque spikes.<\/li>\n<li>Cyclical loads in crushers, mills, and presses.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/tt\/glossary\/blade-passing-frequency\/\">Blade-passing<\/a> forces in fans and turbines.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>5. Coupling and Drivetrain Issues<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Worn or damaged couplings with play or backlash \u2014 see <a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/tt\/glossary\/coupling-defects\/\">coupling defects<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Universal joints operating at an angle, which create a 2\u00d7 torsional excitation.<\/li>\n<li>Belt-drive slip and chatter.<\/li>\n<li>Chain-drive polygon action.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>3. Detection and Measurement Challenges<\/h2>\n<h3>Why Torsional Vibration is Difficult to Detect<\/h3>\n<p>Unlike lateral vibration, torsional vibration hides from the standard toolkit:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>No radial displacement:<\/strong> ordinary <a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/tt\/glossary\/accelerometer\/\">accelerometers<\/a> on bearing housings simply cannot sense a purely torsional motion.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Small angular amplitudes:<\/strong> typical amplitudes are fractions of a degree.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Specialised equipment required:<\/strong> dedicated torsional sensors or sophisticated analysis are needed.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Often overlooked:<\/strong> it is rarely part of a routine <a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/tt\/glossary\/vibration-monitoring\/\">vibration-monitoring<\/a> programme, so the first sign is frequently a failure.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Measurement Methods<\/h3>\n<h4>1. Strain Gauges<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Mounted at 45\u00b0 to the shaft axis to measure shear strain.<\/li>\n<li>Require a <a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/tt\/glossary\/telemetry\/\">telemetry<\/a> system to transmit the signal off the rotating shaft.<\/li>\n<li>Give a direct measurement of torsional stress.<\/li>\n<li>The most accurate method, but complex and expensive.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>2. Dual-Probe Torsional Vibration Sensors<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Two optical or magnetic sensors measure speed at different shaft locations.<\/li>\n<li>The phase difference between the two signals reveals the torsional vibration.<\/li>\n<li>Non-contact measurement.<\/li>\n<li>Can be fitted temporarily or permanently.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>3. Laser Torsional Vibrometers<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Optical measurement of the shaft&#8217;s angular-velocity variations.<\/li>\n<li>Non-contact, with no shaft preparation required.<\/li>\n<li>Expensive, but powerful for troubleshooting.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>4. Indirect Indicators<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Motor current signature analysis (MCSA) can reveal torsional issues from the electrical side.<\/li>\n<li>Coupling and gear-tooth wear patterns.<\/li>\n<li>Shaft <a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/tt\/glossary\/fatigue\/\">fatigue<\/a>-crack locations and orientations.<\/li>\n<li>Unusual lateral-vibration patterns that may be coupling with torsional modes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>4. Consequences and Damage Mechanisms<\/h2>\n<h3>Fatigue Failures<\/h3>\n<p>The primary danger of torsional vibration is high-cycle fatigue:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Shaft failures:<\/strong> fatigue cracks typically run at 45\u00b0 to the shaft axis, along the planes of maximum shear stress.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Coupling failures:<\/strong> gear-coupling teeth wear and flexible elements fatigue.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Gear-tooth breakage:<\/strong> accelerated by torsional oscillation, contributing to <a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/tt\/glossary\/gear-defects\/\">gear defects<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Key and keyway damage:<\/strong> fretting and wear from the constantly reversing torque.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Characteristics of Torsional Failures<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Often sudden and catastrophic, with no prior warning.<\/li>\n<li>Fracture surfaces at roughly 45\u00b0 to the shaft axis.<\/li>\n<li>Beach marks on the fracture face showing the progression of the fatigue crack.<\/li>\n<li>May occur even when lateral-vibration levels are perfectly acceptable \u2014 the reason torsional problems are so often missed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Performance Issues<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Speed-control problems in precision drives.<\/li>\n<li>Excessive wear in gearboxes and couplings.<\/li>\n<li>Noise from gear rattle and coupling impacts.<\/li>\n<li>Power-transmission inefficiency.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>5. Analysis and Modelling<\/h2>\n<h3>Torsional Analysis During Design<\/h3>\n<p>Sound design demands a dedicated <a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/tt\/glossary\/torsional-analysis\/\">torsional analysis<\/a>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Natural-frequency calculation:<\/strong> determine every torsional critical speed.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Forced-response analysis:<\/strong> predict the torsional amplitudes at operating conditions.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Campbell diagram:<\/strong> a <a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/tt\/glossary\/campbell-diagram\/\">Campbell diagram<\/a> plots the torsional natural frequencies against operating speed to expose coincidences.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Stress analysis:<\/strong> calculate the alternating shear stresses in the critical components.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Fatigue-life prediction:<\/strong> estimate component life under torsional loading \u2014 a <a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/tt\/calculators\/fatigue-life-calculator\/\">fatigue-life calculator<\/a> turns the alternating stress and an S-N curve into an expected number of cycles.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Software Tools<\/h3>\n<p>Specialised software performs the heavier analysis:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Multi-inertia lumped-mass models.<\/li>\n<li>Finite-element torsional analysis.<\/li>\n<li>Time-domain simulation of transient events such as motor starts and short-circuits.<\/li>\n<li>Frequency-domain harmonic analysis.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>6. Mitigation and Control Methods<\/h2>\n<h3>Design Solutions<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Separation margins:<\/strong> keep torsional natural frequencies at least \u00b120% away from the excitation frequencies.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Damping:<\/strong> incorporate torsional dampers (viscous or friction types) to dissipate energy \u2014 the practical face of mechanical <a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/tt\/glossary\/damping\/\">damping<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Flexible couplings:<\/strong> add torsional compliance to push natural frequencies below the excitation range.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Mass tuning:<\/strong> add flywheels or modify inertias to shift the natural frequencies.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Stiffness changes:<\/strong> alter shaft diameters or coupling stiffness.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Operational Solutions<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Speed restrictions:<\/strong> avoid continuous operation at a torsional critical speed.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Rapid acceleration:<\/strong> pass through critical speeds quickly during start-up.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Load management:<\/strong> avoid operating conditions that excite the torsional modes.<\/li>\n<li><strong>VFD tuning:<\/strong> adjust drive parameters to minimise torsional excitation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Component Selection<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>High-damping couplings:<\/strong> elastomeric or hydraulic couplings that absorb torsional energy.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Torsional dampers:<\/strong> purpose-built devices for reciprocating-engine drives.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Gear quality:<\/strong> precision gears with tight tolerances reduce the excitation at source.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Shaft material:<\/strong> high fatigue-strength materials for torsionally critical shafts.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>7. Industry Applications and Standards<\/h2>\n<h3>Critical Applications<\/h3>\n<p>A torsional analysis is especially important for:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Reciprocating-engine drives:<\/strong> diesel generators and gas-engine compressors.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Long drive shafts:<\/strong> marine propulsion and rolling mills.<\/li>\n<li><strong>High-power gearboxes:<\/strong> wind turbines and industrial gear drives.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Variable-speed drives:<\/strong> VFD motor applications and servo systems.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Multi-body systems:<\/strong> complex drivetrains with several connected machines.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Relevant Standards<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/tt\/glossary\/api-684\/\">API 684<\/a>:<\/strong> rotor dynamics, including torsional-analysis procedures.<\/li>\n<li><strong>API 617:<\/strong> torsional requirements for centrifugal compressors.<\/li>\n<li><strong>API 672:<\/strong> torsional analysis for packaged reciprocating compressors.<\/li>\n<li><strong>ISO 22266:<\/strong> torsional vibration of rotating machinery.<\/li>\n<li><strong>VDI 2039:<\/strong> torsional vibration of drivelines &mdash; calculation, measurement, reduction.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>8. Relationship to Other Vibration Types<\/h2>\n<p>Although distinct from lateral and axial vibration, torsional vibration does not always stay in its own lane \u2014 it can couple into the other modes:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Lateral-torsional coupling:<\/strong> in certain geometries the torsional and lateral modes interact and exchange energy.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Gear mesh:<\/strong> torsional vibration varies the tooth loads, which in turn excites lateral vibration.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Universal joints:<\/strong> angular <a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/tt\/glossary\/misalignment\/\">misalignment<\/a> couples a torsional input into a lateral output.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Diagnostic challenge:<\/strong> a complex vibration signature may carry contributions from several vibration types at once, which is why a fault that resists balancing or alignment sometimes turns out to be torsional in origin.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>For routine field work, the practical lesson is that torsional problems hide behind clean radial readings. When a portable analyser such as the <a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/tt\/product\/balanset-1\/\">Balanset-1A<\/a> confirms that 1X <a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/tt\/glossary\/unbalance\/\">unbalance<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/tt\/glossary\/misalignment\/\">misalignment<\/a> are within tolerance yet a drivetrain still suffers repeated shaft, coupling, or gear failures, a torsional investigation is the logical next step. Understanding and managing torsional vibration is essential for the reliable operation of power-transmission systems: it receives less attention than lateral vibration in routine monitoring, but it is critical during the design and troubleshooting of high-power or precision drives, where torsional failures can be catastrophic.<\/p>\n<hr>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/tt\/glossary\/\">\u2190 Back to Main Index<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Learn about torsional vibration, the twisting oscillation of rotating shafts about their axis that can cause fatigue failures in couplings, gears, and drive trains.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","meta":{"ai_generated_summary":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[109,110],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-275","glossary","type-glossary","status-publish","hentry","category-glossary","category-vibration-diagnostics"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/tt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary\/275","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/tt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/tt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/glossary"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/tt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary\/275\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":102192,"href":"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/tt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary\/275\/revisions\/102192"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/tt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=275"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/tt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=275"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vibromera.eu\/tt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=275"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}