Is the result the required press capacity?

No. It is a nominal sharp, no-shear cutting-force estimate. Press selection additionally requires the machine manufacturer's force-versus-slide-position rating, available energy, speed, tooling and station limits, reverse loads, stripping and ejection, dynamic effects, overload protection and the applicable safety requirements.

Does ISO 16092 supply the cutting-force formula?

No. ISO 16092 is a machinery-safety series. The perimeter-times-thickness-times-punching-shear-strength equation used here is documented as a manufacturer engineering formula, not an ISO formula.

Does die clearance leave peak force unchanged?

No such claim is made. Clearance, edge condition, punch or die shear, material variability, geometry, lubrication and process dynamics can change the actual force trace and peak.

Why is there no safety-factor or stripping-force percentage?

A universal multiplier would hide machine-, tool- and process-specific requirements. Obtain selection factors, stripping and ejection loads, and operating limits from the applicable machine and tooling documentation.

Source-gated cutting-force arithmetic

Documented Simultaneous Punching-Force Worksheet

Calculate the nominal force to shear selected contours through flat stock with a straight, sharp punch and die and no intentional tool shear. The result is not a required press capacity or a machine-selection verdict.

F₀ = L_totalt · t · τSharp / no tool shearNot an ISO force formula

Input unit system

Contour geometry

Cutting length per contour (mm)

Identical contours engaged simultaneously (positive integer)

Stock thickness t (mm)

Documented punching shear strength / cutting resistance τ (MPa = N/mm²)

Controlled basis / source (required: material grade, condition, thickness and τ basis)

I confirm that the entered contours engage simultaneously; L, t and τ describe the same operation; flat uniform stock and a straight, sharp punch/die with no intentional shear are reasonable assumptions; and clearance, wear, stripping/ejection, machine force-versus-position, energy, speed, station/tool ratings, dynamics, overload protection and applicable safety requirements will be checked separately.

Ideal sharp / no-shear result

Nominal simultaneous cutting force F₀

Single-contour cutting length

Total simultaneous cutting length

Nominal sheared area L_totalt·t

Exact force-unit conversions

Do not select a press from F₀ alone. This result contains no capacity allowance and does not establish the actual force trace, peak, energy, reverse load, tooling limit or safe machine operating point.

Nominal straight-punch estimate

L_single = entered length, πd, or 2(a + b)
L_totalt = n L_single
A_skjær = L_totalt t
F₀ = A_skjær τ = L_totalt t τ

L is cutting-edge length, not blank area. n is the count of identical contours whose selected edges engage at the same time. With L and t in mm and τ in N/mm² (MPa), F₀ is in newtons. With inch/ksi inputs, the worksheet first converts them with exact NIST factors and then evaluates the same SI equation.

Symbol	Controlled meaning	Enhet
L_single	Complete cutting length of one selected contour	mm or in
n	Positive integer count engaged simultaneously	dimensionless
t	Actual stock thickness for the operation	mm or in
τ	Documented punching shear strength or cutting resistance for the actual material state and basis	MPa or ksi
F₀	Nominal sharp, no-intentional-shear simultaneous cutting force	N; displayed as kN and kip

What is deliberately outside the equation

The equation is not a force-versus-stroke model. Actual peak force can differ because of punch/die clearance and edge condition, intentional shear on the punch or die, tool wear, material lot and direction, strain rate, temperature, lubrication, local geometry and machine/tool compliance. This page does not estimate stripping, ejection, snap-through or reverse loads.

No universal material table or percentage: τ is not reconstructed here from tensile strength, a generic material name or a broad handbook range. If its grade, condition, thickness and process basis are not controlled, the result is not suitable for equipment decisions.

F₀ is not rated press capacity

Before selecting or approving a machine, use its controlled manufacturer data to check rated force at the relevant slide position and stroke, available energy, operating speed, tool and station capacity, load distribution, allowable reverse/stripping/ejection loads, dynamic shock, overload protection and all process-specific restrictions. A single universal “safety factor” cannot replace those checks.

Intentional punch or die shear requires the tooling manufacturer’s applicable force-time model and limits. Mate’s guide explicitly cautions against using shear merely to bring a calculation inside press capacity because dull cutting edges can raise force. Clearance, maintenance and wear criteria likewise belong to the actual tooling system; this worksheet supplies no universal clearance, stripping-force or shear-angle percentage.

Sikkerhetsavgrensning: locking out, guarding, tooling, controls, setup, inspection and operation must follow the machine/tool manufacturer and the legally applicable machinery-safety requirements. A numerical result from this page is not evidence of conformity.

Engineering source for the equation

Mate Precision Technologies, Salvagnini Style Tooling Guide III (2010), page 28, documents the no-shear manufacturer formula as punch perimeter × material thickness × material shear strength. Its published 20 mm square, 3 mm thick, 0.3447 kN/mm² example gives 82.7 kN. The equation on this page is therefore classified as a documented manufacturer engineering formula—not an ISO formula.

For a cluster, Mate’s Cluster Punching Tips defines total linear cut length from the perimeter and number of punches. Any manufacturer-specific capacity percentage or application instruction remains specific to its stated equipment and is not generalized here. Exact inch, pound-force and psi conversions use NIST SP 811 Appendix B.

ISO 16092 is safety scope, not this force formula

ISO 16092-1:2017 is the published general press-safety part; its official record was current but marked “to be revised” when accessed on 13 July 2026, with a replacement project under development. Its scope requires use with the applicable type-specific part and excludes some machines, including turret punch presses. The published type-specific records include ISO 16092-2:2019 for mechanical presses, ISO 16092-3:2017 for hydraulic presses and ISO 16092-4:2019 for pneumatic presses.

These public ISO records support only the scope/status statements above. Exact safety requirements and applicability to a particular machine remain NEEDS_LICENSED_SOURCE plus a machine-specific legal/conformity review. No ISO clause or table is claimed for F₀.

No. F₀ is one nominal cutting-load estimate. Machine rating versus position, energy, speed, tooling/station capacity, load distribution, reverse loads, dynamics and manufacturer restrictions still govern selection.

Not on this worksheet. No universal ratio is asserted. Enter controlled punching shear strength or cutting resistance for the actual grade, condition, direction, thickness and relevant basis.

No. Clearance is outside this simple equation, but that does not make it irrelevant. It and edge condition can affect fracture, quality and the actual force trace.

The reduction depends on actual tool geometry, engagement sequence, wear and the manufacturer’s model. It cannot be represented safely by one universal percentage.

Both are force units. One kip is exactly 1,000 pound-force. Metric tonne-force and short ton-force are shown only as explicitly named conversions—not as machine ratings.