How do I calculate hydraulic cylinder force?

Push force: F = P × A_bore = P × π/4 × D². Pull force: F = P × A_annular = P × π/4 × (D² − d²). Where P is pressure, D is bore diameter, d is rod diameter. Convert bar to Pa (×10⁵) or use F(kN) = P(bar) × A(cm²) / 100.

How do I calculate cylinder speed?

Extension speed: v = Q / A_bore. Retraction speed: v = Q / A_annular. Since annular area is smaller, retraction is faster for the same flow rate. Convert units: v(m/s) = Q(L/min) / (A(cm²) × 6).

What are ISO 3320 standard bore sizes?

ISO 3320 standard bore diameters (mm): 25, 32, 40, 50, 63, 80, 100, 125, 160, 200, 250, 320, 400, 500. Rod diameters follow ISO 3320-2 series.

How do I calculate required hydraulic power?

Hydraulic power P_hyd = p × Q, where p is pressure and Q is flow rate. P(kW) = p(bar) × Q(L/min) / 600. This is the power at the cylinder — pump power is higher due to system losses (typically ÷0.85 overall efficiency).

What is the speed ratio between push and pull?

Speed ratio = A_bore / A_annular = D² / (D² − d²). For a typical 2:1 ratio cylinder (d ≈ 0.707×D), retraction is 2× faster than extension at the same flow rate.

Free Engineering Tool

Hydraulic Cylinder Calculator

Calculate push/pull force, piston speed, and hydraulic power per ISO 3320. F = P × A, v = Q / A, Power = P × Q.

ISO 3320Push / PullForce / Speed / Power

Results

Push Force (Extension)

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Pull Force (Retraction)

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Extension Speed

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Retraction Speed

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Hydraulic Power

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Bore / Annular Area

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Cylinder Cross-Section

Hydraulic Cylinder Calculator | ISO 3320 | Force, Speed, Power | Free Tool

Published by Nikolai Shelkovenko on February 15, 2026 February 15, 2026

Results

Force

Speed

Power