What is vibration acceleration?

Vibration acceleration is the rate of change of vibration velocity, measured in m/s² or g (where 1 g = 9.80665 m/s²). It is the most sensitive parameter to high-frequency vibration and is critical for detecting bearing defects, gear mesh faults, and other high-frequency mechanical problems. Acceleration increases with both vibration amplitude and frequency.

When should I use acceleration instead of velocity for vibration monitoring?

Acceleration is preferred for high-frequency vibration analysis, typically above 1000 Hz. It is the best parameter for early detection of rolling element bearing defects, gear mesh problems, and cavitation. Velocity (mm/s RMS) is better for general machine condition in the 10–1000 Hz range, while displacement is preferred below 10 Hz. Many modern condition monitoring systems use acceleration enveloping (demodulation) for bearing diagnostics.

How do I convert g to m/s²?

To convert from g to m/s², multiply by 9.80665 (standard gravity). For example, 0.5 g = 0.5 × 9.80665 = 4.903 m/s². Conversely, to convert m/s² to g, divide by 9.80665. The g unit is commonly used in vibration analysis because typical industrial vibration levels fall in a convenient range of 0.01 to 50 g.

What sensors measure vibration acceleration?

Piezoelectric accelerometers are the standard sensors for measuring vibration acceleration. IEPE (ICP) type accelerometers with integrated electronics are most common in industrial applications. They offer wide frequency range (0.5 Hz to 20 kHz+), high sensitivity, and excellent durability. MEMS accelerometers are used in lower-cost monitoring systems but typically have more limited frequency range and accuracy. Charge-mode accelerometers are used for high-temperature applications.

What is typical vibration acceleration for industrial machines?

Typical vibration acceleration levels vary widely with machine type and frequency. For general industrial machinery at operating speed: good condition is below 0.5 g, acceptable is 0.5–2 g, and alarm levels are typically 2–5 g at bearing housings. High-frequency bearing defect signals can reach 10–50 g peak. ISO 20816 primarily uses velocity for zone evaluation, but acceleration is measured directly by accelerometers and is essential for high-frequency diagnostics.

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Calculadora de aceleración de vibración (ISO 20816)

Convierta la velocidad de vibración (mm/s RMS) a aceleración (m/s², g) a cualquier frecuencia. Ingrese la velocidad y la frecuencia para obtener los resultados de aceleración RMS, pico y desplazamiento.

ISO 20816 m/s² & g Hz / RPM

Resultados

Aceleración RMS

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Aceleración pico

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Aceleración RMS (g)

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Aceleración pico (g)

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Velocidad RMS

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Velocidad pico

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Desplazamiento pico a pico

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Frecuencia

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Aceleración a partir de la velocidad

Para vibración sinusoidal, la aceleración se deriva de la velocidad mediante la multiplicación por la frecuencia angular:

Conversión a g

Desplazamiento a partir de la velocidad

Dónde:

v_RMS — velocidad de vibración RMS (mm/s)
f — frecuencia (Hz); si se da en RPM: f = RPM / 60
a_RMS — aceleración raíz media cuadrática (m/s²)
a_pico — aceleración pico = a_RMS × √2 (m/s²)
d_pp — desplazamiento pico a pico (μm)

Ejemplo práctico

Ejemplo — 4.5 mm/s RMS a 25 Hz

a_RMS = 4.5 × 2π × 25 / 1000 = 0.707 m/s²

a_pico = 0.707 × √2 = 1.000 m/s²

a_g,RMS = 0.707 / 9.80665 = 0.072 g

d_pp = 4.5 × √2 × 1000 / (π × 25) = 81.0 μm

Comparación de parámetros de vibración

Parámetro	Rango de frecuencia óptimo	Unidades típicas	Uso principal
Desplazamiento	< 10 Hz (600 RPM)	μm p-p	Máquinas de baja velocidad, vibración del eje
Velocidad	10–1000 Hz	mm/s RMS	Condición general de la máquina (ISO 10816)
Aceleración	> 1000 Hz	m/s², g	Defectos de rodamientos, frecuencia de engranaje, alta frecuencia

Calculadora de aceleración de vibración — mm/s a m/s² & g

Resultados

Aceleración a partir de la velocidad

Conversión a g

Desplazamiento a partir de la velocidad

Ejemplo práctico

Comparación de parámetros de vibración

Tienda

Soporte

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