What types of gas turbines does ISO 20816-4 cover?

ISO 20816-4 covers all types of gas turbines used in power generation and mechanical drive applications, including industrial heavy-duty gas turbines (typically >40 MW), aero-derivative gas turbines (typically 20–60 MW), and small gas turbines (<3 extension.

What is the difference between bearing housing and shaft measurement?

Bearing housing vibration is measured with sensors on the bearing pedestal in mm/s RMS velocity. Shaft relative displacement is measured with proximity probes inside the bearing in μm peak-to-peak. Gas turbines typically require both measurements for comprehensive evaluation, especially those with fluid-film bearings.

Why do gas turbines have higher vibration limits than steam turbines?

Gas turbines generally operate at higher speeds (up to 15,000+ RPM for aero-derivatives) and have different rotor dynamics compared to steam turbines. The combustion process also introduces additional vibration sources. The zone boundaries in ISO 20816-4 reflect these operational characteristics.

How do aero-derivative limits differ from industrial gas turbines?

Aero-derivative gas turbines typically operate at higher speeds with lighter, stiffer rotors and rolling element bearings (rather than fluid-film). They generally have tighter vibration tolerances for shaft measurements but may show different spectral characteristics due to their multi-spool design.

What action should I take when vibration increases suddenly?

A sudden increase in gas turbine vibration requires immediate investigation regardless of the absolute zone. Check for combustion dynamics issues, foreign object damage, bearing deterioration, coupling problems, or thermal transient effects. Many gas turbines have automatic trip systems that activate at Zone D levels.

免費工程工具 #022

振動限值 — 燃氣渦輪機

依據 ISO 20816-4 評估燃氣渦輪機的振動嚴重度。支援工業型、航空衍生型及小型燃氣渦輪機的軸承座速度與軸相對位移。

ISO 20816-4 A/B/C/D 區燃氣渦輪機

結果

振動區

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測量值

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渦輪機類型

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公差帶	邊界	說明

ISO 20816-4 適用範圍

ISO 20816-4 規範了用於發電與機械驅動應用之燃氣渦輪機的振動評估準則。涵蓋工業重型燃氣渦輪機、航空衍生型燃氣渦輪機，以及 3 MW 以下的小型燃氣渦輪機。

軸承座振動 (工業重型)

於軸承座測得之寬頻振動速度，單位為 mm/s RMS，頻率範圍 10–1000 Hz。

區域邊界	振速 (mm/s RMS)
A/B	4.5
B/C	9.3
C/D	14.7

軸相對位移 (工業型)

使用近接感測器測量的軸振動，以 μm 為單位的峰對峰位移表示。下方的固定數值為簡化的保守指導；標準的軸位移區域邊界取決於轉速（隨軸轉速增加而降低）。

區域邊界	位移 (μm p-p)
A/B	65
B/C	130
C/D	200

燃氣渦輪機類型

類型	功率範圍	典型轉速	特性
工業重型	>40 MW	3000–3600 RPM	單軸、滑動軸承、重型轉子
航空衍生型	20–60 MW	3600–15000+ RPM	多軸系、較輕轉子，可能使用滾動軸承
小型 (<3 MW)	<3 MW	變頻	模組化機組、微型渦輪機、工業驅動

ℹ️ 注意： 對於航空衍生型與小型燃氣渦輪機，所示區域邊界係以工業重型數值作為一般參考指南。特定製造商的限值可能有所不同。請務必諮詢您特定機器的原廠 (OEM) 振動規格。

⚠️ 重要： 燃氣渦輪機通常配備自動振動跳脫系統。請確保保護系統設定值與 ISO 20816-4 區域邊界或原廠規格一致。切勿停用振動保護系統。