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螺纹尺寸转换器
公制(ISO)、UNC、UNF 和 BSW 螺纹尺寸的交叉对照表。可按任意螺纹规格搜索,或选择公制尺寸查找最接近的等效尺寸。
螺纹交叉对照
| 公制 | Ø mm | 螺距(毫米) | UNC | UNF | BSW | 应力面积(mm²) |
|---|
螺纹标准概述
全球通用的四种主要螺纹标准:
- 公制(ISO 261/262) — 以 M + 直径表示(例如 M8)。螺距单位为毫米。螺纹角度为 60°。全球最常用规格。
- UNC(美制统一粗牙螺纹) — 直径-TPI 格式(例如 5/16-18)。60° 角。美国/加拿大标准粗牙螺距。
- UNF(美制统一细牙螺纹) — 与UNC系统相同,但螺距更细(每英寸TPI更高)。抗振性能更佳。
- BSW(英制惠氏螺纹标准) — 55°螺纹角。直径单位为英寸,每英寸螺纹数(TPI)。传统标准,仍见于较老的设备中。
螺距与 TPI 换算
例如:M8 × 1.25 毫米螺距 = 25.4 / 1.25 = 20.32 TPI(非标准 TPI 值,说明其无法与任何英制螺纹直接互换)。
压力区
其中 d 为公称直径,P 为螺距。应力面积用于计算螺栓的拉伸载荷和验证载荷。
⚠️ 重要提示: “最接近的等效规格”并不意味着可以互换。即使直径相近,公制螺纹和英制螺纹的螺距也不同。切勿将公制螺栓强行拧入英制螺纹孔,反之亦然——这样做会损坏两个部件。
ℹ️提示: 要识别未知螺纹:(1)用游标卡尺测量大径。(2)使用螺距规确定螺距或每英寸螺纹数(TPI)。(3)查阅上表。
No. Metric and inch threads are NOT interchangeable, even when the diameters appear similar. The key differences:
- Pitch: Metric uses mm pitch; UNC/UNF uses TPI — they never match exactly
- Thread angle: Both metric and unified use 60°, but BSW uses 55°
- Root/crest: Different profiles even at the same angle
Forcing the wrong thread will strip the threads and damage both components. Always verify with a thread gauge.
Step-by-step identification:
- Measure major diameter with calipers (mm or inches)
- Use a thread pitch gauge to determine pitch (mm) or TPI (threads per inch)
- Check the thread angle: 60° = metric or unified; 55° = Whitworth/BSP
- Cross-reference in the table above to confirm the standard
If the pitch is a clean mm value (0.5, 0.7, 1.0, 1.25, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0), it's almost certainly metric.
Pitch is the distance between adjacent thread crests, measured in millimeters. Used for metric threads.
TPI (Threads Per Inch) is the number of complete thread crests in one inch. Used for imperial threads.
Conversion: Pitch (mm) = 25.4 / TPI
Examples: 20 TPI = 1.27 mm pitch, 18 TPI = 1.411 mm pitch, 16 TPI = 1.5875 mm pitch.
BSW (British Standard Whitworth) was the world's first national standard thread, created by Sir Joseph Whitworth in 1841.
Key features:
- 55° thread angle (vs 60° for metric/unified)
- Rounded roots and crests
- Diameter in inches, pitch in TPI
BSW has been largely replaced by metric and unified standards but is still found in legacy machinery, plumbing (BSP is related), and some British equipment.
UNC (Unified National Coarse) — the standard/default thread:
- Fewer threads per inch → faster assembly
- More forgiving for tapped holes in soft materials
- Less likely to cross-thread
UNF (Unified National Fine) — the fine-pitch variant:
- More threads per inch → higher tensile strength
- Better vibration resistance (self-locking effect)
- Finer adjustment capability
- Requires more precise tapping
Rule of thumb: Use UNC for general assembly, UNF for precision and vibration-prone applications.
本页所述的操作流程由 Vibromera 团队使用 Balanset-1A(一款用于现场转子平衡的便携式双通道动平衡仪及振动分析仪)开发并经过实地测试。
专业现场动平衡仪器和振动分析软件。精密工程的精密工具。产品已在全球50多个国家使用。
Nikolai Shelkovenko
Nikolai Shelkovenko是一名振动分析工程师,也是Vibromera的创始人兼首席执行官。 15年多来,他一直在现场——而非在试验台上——为旋转设备进行平衡:粉碎机、工业风机、破碎机、离心机、轴和主轴。正是这些实际工作催生了Balanset系列仪器——它们被设计为一种专业人员可以随身携带到机器旁、在现场独立使用的工具,而非实验室设备。 Vibromera成立于2017年,自2023年起总部设于葡萄牙波尔图。Balanset系列产品的研发、组装与支持均在此完成。旗舰产品是Balanset-1A,一款用于单平面及双平面平衡和振动诊断的便携式分析仪。 Nikolai亲自参与客户支持工作,处理各种棘手的平衡案例,并参与软件开发。他以任何语言为全球客户提供服务。