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螺紋尺寸轉換器
公制 (ISO)、UNC、UNF 與 BSW 螺紋尺寸之交叉比對。輸入任意螺紋規格或選取公制尺寸,即可查詢最接近的等效規格。
螺紋交叉比對
| 公制 | Ø mm | 螺距 mm | UNC | UNF | BSW | 應力面積 mm² |
|---|
螺紋標準總覽
全球通用的四大主要螺紋標準:
- 公制 (ISO 261/262) — 標示為 M + 直徑 (例如 M8)。螺距單位為 mm。螺紋角度 60°。全球最常見。
- UNC(統一粗牙螺紋) — 直徑-TPI 格式 (例如 5/16-18)。角度 60°。美國/加拿大標準粗牙螺距。
- UNF(統一細牙螺紋) — 與 UNC 相同系統,但螺距更細 (TPI 更高)。抗振動性更佳。
- BSW(英國標準惠氏螺紋) — 螺紋角度 55°。直徑以英吋表示並附 TPI。舊制標準,仍見於舊型設備。
螺距與 TPI 轉換
例如:M8 × 1.25 mm 螺距 = 25.4 / 1.25 = 20.32 TPI (非標準 TPI,證實無法與任何英制螺紋直接互換)。
應力面積
其中 d 為公稱直徑,P 為螺距。應力面積用於計算螺栓的抗拉與保證負荷。
⚠️ 重要: 「最接近等效」並不代表可互換。公制與英制螺紋即使直徑相近,螺距亦不同。切勿強行將公制螺栓旋入英制螺孔,反之亦然——這將損壞兩組零件。
ℹ️ 提示: 辨識未知螺紋:(1) 使用卡尺測量大徑。 (2) 使用螺紋規確定螺距或 TPI。 (3) 於上表進行交叉比對。
No. Metric and inch threads are NOT interchangeable, even when the diameters appear similar. The key differences:
- Pitch: Metric uses mm pitch; UNC/UNF uses TPI — they never match exactly
- Thread angle: Both metric and unified use 60°, but BSW uses 55°
- Root/crest: Different profiles even at the same angle
Forcing the wrong thread will strip the threads and damage both components. Always verify with a thread gauge.
Step-by-step identification:
- Measure major diameter with calipers (mm or inches)
- Use a thread pitch gauge to determine pitch (mm) or TPI (threads per inch)
- Check the thread angle: 60° = metric or unified; 55° = Whitworth/BSP
- Cross-reference in the table above to confirm the standard
If the pitch is a clean mm value (0.5, 0.7, 1.0, 1.25, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0), it's almost certainly metric.
Pitch is the distance between adjacent thread crests, measured in millimeters. Used for metric threads.
TPI (Threads Per Inch) is the number of complete thread crests in one inch. Used for imperial threads.
Conversion: Pitch (mm) = 25.4 / TPI
Examples: 20 TPI = 1.27 mm pitch, 18 TPI = 1.411 mm pitch, 16 TPI = 1.5875 mm pitch.
BSW (British Standard Whitworth) was the world's first national standard thread, created by Sir Joseph Whitworth in 1841.
Key features:
- 55° thread angle (vs 60° for metric/unified)
- Rounded roots and crests
- Diameter in inches, pitch in TPI
BSW has been largely replaced by metric and unified standards but is still found in legacy machinery, plumbing (BSP is related), and some British equipment.
UNC (Unified National Coarse) — the standard/default thread:
- Fewer threads per inch → faster assembly
- More forgiving for tapped holes in soft materials
- Less likely to cross-thread
UNF (Unified National Fine) — the fine-pitch variant:
- More threads per inch → higher tensile strength
- Better vibration resistance (self-locking effect)
- Finer adjustment capability
- Requires more precise tapping
Rule of thumb: Use UNC for general assembly, UNF for precision and vibration-prone applications.
本頁所述的操作流程由 Vibromera 團隊使用 Balanset-1A(一款用於現場轉子平衡的便攜式雙通道動平衡儀及振動分析儀)開發並經過實地測試。
專業現場動平衡儀器與振動分析軟體。精密工程之精密工具。應用於 50 餘國。
Nikolai Shelkovenko
Nikolai Shelkovenko是一名振動分析工程師,也是Vibromera的創辦人兼執行長。 15年多來,他一直在現場——而非在試驗台上——為旋轉設備進行動平衡校正:粉碎機、工業風機、破碎機、離心機、軸與主軸。正是這些實際工作催生了Balanset系列儀器——它們被設計為一種專業人員可以隨身攜帶到機器旁、在現場獨立使用的工具,而非實驗室設備。 Vibromera成立於2017年,自2023年起總部設於葡萄牙波爾圖。Balanset系列產品的研發、組裝與支援均在此完成。旗艦產品是Balanset-1A,一款用於單平面及雙平面動平衡校正與振動診斷的可攜式分析儀。 Nikolai親自參與客戶支援工作,處理各種棘手的動平衡校正案例,並參與軟體開發。他以任何語言為全球客戶提供服務。