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Centrifugal force F = m × R × ω², where m is blade mass in kg, R is the distance from rotation axis to blade center of gravity in meters, and ω = 2π·n/60 is angular velocity in rad/s. The result is in Newtons.

Force-to-weight ratio is centrifugal force divided by blade weight (m × g). It shows how many times gravitational force the blade experiences. A ratio of 1,000 means the blade "feels" 1,000× its own weight — critical for blade root stress and fastener design.

Typical limits:

• Carbon steel: 80–120 m/s
• Stainless steel: 60–90 m/s
• Aluminum: 100–150 m/s
• FRP/fiberglass: 60–80 m/s

Higher tip speeds increase centrifugal stress and noise.

ID (Induced Draft) fans handle hot, dirty gas requiring larger, heavier blades at greater radii. Combined with similar or higher speeds, this creates significantly greater centrifugal forces than smaller FD (Forced Draft) fan blades.

Centrifugal force from unbalance (uneven blade mass distribution) causes vibration. Even a small mass difference between blades creates a net force on bearings. Balancing ensures all blade forces cancel, leaving minimal net force at the shaft.