Question 1

Muhandislikda kuchlanish nima?

Accepted Answer

Stress is the internal force per unit area within a material. It measures how much force the material's cross-section must resist. The basic formula is σ = F/A, where F is force (N) and A is cross-sectional area (mm²). Units are typically MPa (N/mm²).

Question 2

Tortish va siqilish kuchlanishi o'rtasidagi farq nima?

Accepted Answer

Tortish kuchlanishi materialga qarama-qarshi yo'nalishda kuch ta'sir etganda yuzaga keladi (musbat σ), siqilish kuchlanishi esa kuchlar materialni bir-biriga qarab itarganida hosil bo'ladi (manfiy σ). Formula σ = F/A bir xil, ammo kuch yo'nalishi farq qiladi. Ko'plab materiallar tortish va siqilishga nisbatan har xil mustahkamlikka ega.

Question 3

Siljish kuchlanishi nima?

Accepted Answer

Shear stress τ = F/A acts parallel to the cross-section surface, tending to slide one part of the material over another. Common in bolts, pins, and rivets. For a bolt in single shear: τ = F/(πd²/4).

Question 4

Egilish kuchlanishi nima?

Accepted Answer

Egilish kuchlanishi σ = M/W (yoki M·c/I) egiluvchi momentlarga duchor bo'lgan tir va boshqa konstruktiv elementlarda yuzaga keladi. U kesim bo'ylab chiziqli tarzda o'zgaradi — ekstremal tolalarda maksimal, neytral o'qda nolga teng. M — egiluvchi moment, W — kesim moduli.

Question 5

Po'lat uchun ruxsat etilgan kuchlanishning odatiy qiymatlari qanday?

Accepted Answer

For structural steel (S235): σ_allow ≈ 140–160 MPa (with FoS ~1.5). For S355: σ_allow ≈ 210–240 MPa. High-strength bolts (grade 8.8): τ_allow ≈ 375 MPa. Always check the applicable design standard.

Kuchlanish kalkulyatori

Results

Tortish / Siqilish Kuchlanishi

Shear Stress

Bending Stress