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油品粘度等级 — ISO VG
根据 ISO 3448 查找 ISO VG 粘度等级。输入 40 °C 时的运动粘度以查找匹配的等级,或选择一个 VG 等级以查看粘度范围和典型应用。
本计算器由 Vibromera 工程团队开发并验证,该团队也是 Balanset 便携式平衡仪器的制造商。
成果
ISO 3448粘度分类
ISO 3448 定义了 18 个工业润滑油粘度等级。每个等级用一个数字标识,该数字等于 40 °C 下标称运动粘度的中点值,单位为厘斯 (cSt)。允许范围为中点值的 ±10%。
完整的 ISO VG 表
| ISO VG | 最小值(厘斯) | 中点(厘斯) | 最大值(厘斯) | 典型应用 |
|---|
应用指南
| 应用 | 推荐 ISO VG |
|---|---|
| 高速主轴 | VG 10 - VG 22 |
| 液压系统 | VG 32 - VG 46 |
| 通用机械润滑 | VG 46 - VG 68 |
| 工业齿轮箱 | VG 68 - VG 150 |
| 重型封闭式齿轮 | VG 220 – VG 460 |
| 重载 / 低速齿轮 | VG 680 – VG 1500 |
请注意: ISO VG 等级仅规定了 40 °C 下的粘度。实际工作粘度取决于油品在使用中的温度。使用粘度指数(VI)可以估算其他温度下的粘度。
ISO VG (Viscosity Grade) is a classification system for industrial lubricants defined by ISO 3448. Each grade corresponds to a nominal kinematic viscosity at 40 °C in centistokes (cSt). The grade number equals the midpoint viscosity — for example, VG 46 means 46 cSt ± 10%.
There are 18 grades from VG 2 to VG 1500, each step being roughly 50% higher than the previous.
The optimal viscosity depends on the application and operating conditions:
- VG 10–22 — High-speed spindles, light loads
- VG 32–46 — Hydraulic systems (most common)
- VG 68–150 — Industrial gearboxes
- VG 220–460 — Heavy-duty enclosed gears
- VG 680–1500 — Very heavy/slow machinery
Always consult the equipment manufacturer's recommendations. Using too thin an oil leads to wear; too thick increases energy losses and heat.
ISO VG grades classify industrial lubricants by kinematic viscosity at 40 °C. SAE grades are used for automotive oils: SAE crankcase grades (e.g. 10W-30) and SAE gear grades (e.g. 75W-90) use different temperature references and scales.
The two systems do not directly correspond. Approximate cross-references exist — for example, ISO VG 46 ≈ SAE 20, ISO VG 150 ≈ SAE 40 — but these are only rough equivalents.
Oil viscosity decreases as temperature increases. ISO VG grades specify viscosity at 40 °C only. The rate of viscosity change with temperature is described by the Viscosity Index (VI).
A higher VI means less viscosity change with temperature. Typical mineral oils have VI 80–100; synthetic oils can reach VI 150+. For critical applications, always verify viscosity at the actual operating temperature.
cSt (centistokes) is the unit of kinematic viscosity, equal to mm²/s. It measures how quickly a fluid flows under gravity. The related unit cP (centipoise) measures dynamic viscosity.
Conversion: cP = cSt × density (density in g/cm³). For typical mineral oil at ~0.87 g/cm³, cP ≈ cSt × 0.87.
本页所述的操作流程由 Vibromera 团队使用 Balanset-1A(一款用于现场转子平衡的便携式双通道动平衡仪及振动分析仪)开发并经过实地测试。
专业现场动平衡仪器和软件。已在50多个国家用于旋转机械维护。
Nikolai Shelkovenko
Nikolai Shelkovenko是一名振动分析工程师,也是Vibromera的创始人兼首席执行官。 15年多来,他一直在现场——而非在试验台上——为旋转设备进行平衡:粉碎机、工业风机、破碎机、离心机、轴和主轴。正是这些实际工作催生了Balanset系列仪器——它们被设计为一种专业人员可以随身携带到机器旁、在现场独立使用的工具,而非实验室设备。 Vibromera成立于2017年,自2023年起总部设于葡萄牙波尔图。Balanset系列产品的研发、组装与支持均在此完成。旗舰产品是Balanset-1A,一款用于单平面及双平面平衡和振动诊断的便携式分析仪。 Nikolai亲自参与客户支持工作,处理各种棘手的平衡案例,并参与软件开发。他以任何语言为全球客户提供服务。