Fomula Nini Kwa Kuhesabu Torque Ya Kubana Boliti?

T = K × F × d, where K is the torque coefficient (0.10–0.25), F is target preload force (N), and d is nominal bolt diameter (m).

Sababu Ya K Nini Katika Kubana Boliti?

Sababu ya K inachanganya msuguano wa nyuzi na uso wa kubeba. Thamani za kawaida: kavu 0.20-0.25, yenye mafuta 0.14-0.18, MoS₂ 0.10-0.12, PTFE 0.08-0.10.

Kizigo cha sambamba kinachorekomendwa kwa boliti ni kipi?

Typically 65-75% of yield strength for standard applications. F = S × As × η.

Mafuta yanathaathira vipi torque ya boliti?

Mafuta hupunguza K-factor sana. Kutumia K-factor isiyofaa husababisha kuvimba zaidi au chini.

Mlolongo sahihi wa kukamatia boliti ni upi?

Tighten in multiple passes using cross/star pattern: snug → 30% → 70% → 100%.

Kellermann-Klein equation ni nini?

T = F × [P/(2π) + 1.154·μth·d₂ + μb·(Do+dh)/4]. Separates thread and bearing friction.

Zana ya Uhandisi Isiyolipisha

Kalkuleta ya Torque ya Kubana Kebo

Kokotoa torque inayohitajika kufikia nguvu ya sambamba ya boliti inayofaa. Inasaidia thread za metric na coarse & fine pitch, UNC ya imperial, na hali nyingi za mafuta.

ISO 898ISO 16047VDI 2230ASME B1.1

Bolt Size

Daraja la Mali / Upangaji

Strength Basis (strict mode)

Lubrication (inaathiri sababu-K)

Target Preload (% of Rp)

Joint Type (informational)

Njia ya Kukamatia (inaathiri aina)

Idadi ya Boliti (for pattern)

Results

Kilo Inayopendekezwa

—

Preload Force

—

K-Factor

—

Stress Area

—

Aina ya Kilo (kulingana na usahihi wa njia ya kukamatia)

———

Mfumo wa Kukamatia

1Kamatia boliti zote kwa mikono hadi snug
2Tighten to — (kilo ya 30%) katika mfumo
3Tighten to — (kilo ya 70%) katika mfumo
4Tighten to — (kilo ya 100%) — mwendo laini

Mfumo wa Kukamatia Unaopendekezwa

Mfumo wa Kuhesabu Kilo

Kilo inayohitajika ya kukamatia inakokotwa kwa kutumia njia rahisi ya VDI 2230 ya mgawo wa nati:

T = K × F × d

T — tightening torque (N·m)
K — mgawo wa kilo / mgawo wa nati (0.10–0.25)
F — nguvu ya kuandaa mwenyeji inayolengwa (N)
d — kipenyo cha bolt kinominal (m)

Preload Force

F = S × A_s × η

S — msingi wa nguvu: Rp (yield) or Sp (proof stress)
A_s — eneo la mkazo wa kunyoa (mm²)
η — kipengele cha matumizi (0.50–0.90)

Kellermann-Klein Equation

T = F × [ P/(2π) + 1.154·μ_th·d₂ + μ_b·(D_o+d_h)/4 ]

K-Factor Reference

Hali ya Uso	K-factor	Notes
Dry	0.20–0.25	High scatter
Light oil	0.14–0.18	Most common
MoS₂	0.10–0.12	Mizigo maalum, chuma kisicho na kufa
PTFE	0.08–0.10	Onyo: kuzama kwa ziada
Zinc plated	0.17–0.20	Inategemea kwa mipako
Anti-seize	0.11–0.13	High-temperature
Wax patch	0.09–0.11	Automotive OEM

Madaraja ya Bolt (ISO 898-1)

Class	R_m	R_p	S_p	Application
4.6	400	240	225	Non-critical
5.6	500	300	280	Mkuu
8.8	800	640	580/600	Kimuundo cha kawaida
10.9	1040	940	830	High-strength
12.9	1220	1100	970	Muhimu, uzani wa juu

Mifano Inayotumika

Flange ya Pampu — M12 × 1.75, daraja 8.8, oiled

K=0.16, F=640×84.3×0.75=40,464 N → T=0.16×40464×0.012=77.7 N·m

Sanduku la Gia — M20 × 2.5, daraja 10.9, anti-seize

K=0.12, F=900×245×0.75=165,375 N → T=0.12×165375×0.020=397 N·m

Over-torquing huruma raita au kubuza bolt
Under-torquing → kutokuwa na umeme, uvuja, uzalishaji wa ufatigue
Rekebisha mrengo wa torque kila mwaka
Safisha raita kabla ya mkutano
Usitumie upya bolts za daraja 10.9+
Hii ni tathmini ya uhandisi — jaribu kulingana na ISO 16047 kwa miunganisho muhimu

Kikokotaji cha Torque ya Kukamatia Boliti | Zana ya Bure ya Mtandaoni | ISO 16047 & VDI 2230

Published by admin on Febuari 15, 2026 Febuari 15, 2026

Results

Mfumo wa Kuhesabu Kilo

Preload Force

Kellermann-Klein Equation

K-Factor Reference

Madaraja ya Bolt (ISO 898-1)

Mifano Inayotumika

Mahesabu Yanayohusiana

Duka

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