Question 1

Tebranishni izolyatsiya qilish uchun prujinalarni qanday tanlash kerak?

Accepted Answer

To select springs for vibration isolation, first determine the mass of the machine and the desired natural frequency of the isolation system. The natural frequency should be well below the operating frequency — typically less than 1/3 of the lowest excitation frequency. Use the formula k = m × (2πf)² to calculate the required total spring stiffness, then divide by the number of springs to get the stiffness per spring. Finally, verify that the static deflection under gravity is acceptable and that the springs can support the load without exceeding their rated capacity.

Question 2

Tebranishni izolyatsiya qilish uchun ideal tabiiy chastota qanday?

Accepted Answer

Samarali tebranish izolyatsiyasi uchun prujina-massa tizimining tabiiy chastotasi eng past ish chastotasidan (qo'zg'atuvchi chastotadan) kamida 3 marta past bo'lishi kerak. Masalan, agar mashina 1500 AYL (25 Hz) da ishlasa, izolyatsiya tizimining tabiiy chastotasi taxminan 8 Hz dan past bo'lishi kerak. Past tabiiy chastotalar yaxshiroq izolyatsiyani ta'minlaydi, lekin yumshoqroq prujinalar va kattaroq statik siljishni talab qiladi. Odatdagi izolyatsiya tizimlari qo'llanishga qarab 2–8 Hz oralig'ini maqsad qilib oladi.

Question 3

Nima uchun tabiiy chastota ish tezligining 1/3 qismidan past bo'lishi kerak?

Accepted Answer

The transmissibility of a vibration isolation system depends on the ratio of the operating frequency to the natural frequency. Isolation only begins when this ratio exceeds √2 ≈ 1.41. At a ratio of 3 (i.e., natural frequency = 1/3 of operating frequency), transmissibility drops to about 12.5%, meaning 87.5% of the vibration is isolated. Higher ratios give even better isolation. Below a ratio of √2, the system actually amplifies vibrations, with the worst case at resonance (ratio = 1).

Question 4

Tebranishni izolyatsiya qilish uchun nechta yay ishlatish kerak?

Accepted Answer

Yaylar soni mashina o'lchamiga, og'irlik taqsimotiga va o'rnatish konfiguratsiyasiga bog'liq. To'rtburchak mashinalar uchun odatda 4 ta yay (har bir burchakda bittadan), uchburchak tartiblama uchun esa 3 ta yay ishlatiladi. Talab qilinadigan umumiy qattiqlik barcha yaylar o'rtasida teng taqsimlanadi. Ko'proq yay ishlatilsa, yuk yaxshiroq taqsimlanadi va barqarorlik oshadi, ammo har bir yay yumshoqroq bo'lishi kerak. Qiyalanish va notekis yuklanishning oldini olish uchun barcha yaylarning qattiqligini teng ta'minlang.

Question 5

Statik egilish nima va u nima uchun muhim?

Accepted Answer

Statik egilish — tortishish kuchi ta'sirida tayanch massa og'irligi ostida yayning siqilish miqdori (δ = mg/k). Bu muhim, chunki: (1) u mashinaning yaylarga joylashtirilganda qancha cho'kishini belgilaydi; (2) u tabiiy chastota bilan bevosita bog'liq — kattaroq egilish pastroq tabiiy chastotaga va yaxshiroq izolyatsiyaga olib keladi; (3) yay statik egilishni va dinamik harakatni qoplaydi qiladigan etarli yurgakka ega bo'lishi kerak; (4) haddan tashqari egilish barqarorlik muammolariga olib kelishi mumkin. Odatiy izolyatsiya yaylari 5–25 mm statik egilishga ega.

Maqsadli chastota bo'yicha prujinani tanlash

Results

Talab Qilinadigan Yay Qattiqligi

RPM dan Hz ga o'tkazish

Statik Egilish & Har bir Yay Qattiqligi

Amaliy Misol

Maqsadli chastota bo'yicha prujina tanlash kalkulyatori

Published by Nikolai Shelkovenko on Fevral 15, 2026 Fevral 15, 2026

Results

Talab Qilinadigan Yay Qattiqligi

RPM dan Hz ga o'tkazish

Statik Egilish & Har bir Yay Qattiqligi

Amaliy Misol

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