Šta je radijalni itek na vratilu?

Radijalni itek (TIR) je ukupna varijacija rastojanja izmjerenog od površine vratila do fiksne referentne točke dok se vratilo rotira jednom punom revolucijom. TIR je jednak dvostrukoj ekscentričnosti.

Kako da izmjerim itek pomoću brojčanog indikatora?

Postavite vratilo na V-blokove, postavite brojčani indikator okomito na površinu, postavite ga na nulu, zatim rotirati jednom punom revolucijom. Ukupno kretanje igle je TIR.

Šta uzrokuje pretjeran radijalni itek?

Česti uzroci: savijeno vratilo, ekscentričnost proizvodnje, habanje ležaja osovine, neispravna poravnanja spojnice i greške pri montaži.

Koja je veza između isteka i neubalansiranošti?

If the mass centre of a rotor is displaced by eccentricity e, the equivalent unbalance is U = e × m, where m is rotor mass. Journal runout can displace the mass centre and thus contribute to unbalance, but measured TIR also includes form error, bend and setup error, so runout and residual unbalance are related yet not equal.

Koji je prihvatljiv itek za različite primjene?

The geometric runout tolerance comes from the shaft drawing or the manufacturer's specification, not from ISO 21940-11. As a balance-risk screening value, the unbalance-equivalent TIR is about 40 μm at G6.3 / 3000 RPM, about 3.2 μm at G1.0 / 6000 RPM, and about 80 μm at G6.3 / 1500 RPM. Always calculate for your specific conditions and check the drawing tolerance.

Besplatan Inženjerski Alat

Kalkulator radijalnog isteka vratila

Estimate the shaft radial runout (TIR — Total Indicator Reading) that corresponds to the ISO 21940-11 residual unbalance limit for your balance quality grade and speed, and screen measured runout for unbalance risk. Note: ISO 21940-11 sets unbalance limits — the geometric runout tolerance itself comes from the shaft drawing or manufacturer specification.

ISO 21940-11 TIR / Ekscentričnost Balance-Risk Screening

Razred balansiranja G

Radna Brzina (RPM)

Shaft Diameter (mm)

Rotor Mass (kg)

Izmjereno otklanjanje — optional, for balance-risk screening (μm TIR)

Quick presets

Results

Unbalance-Equivalent TIR (screening value, not a geometric tolerance)

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Dozvoljeno Ekscentricitet (e_per)

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Ekvivalentno Neuravnoteženost (U_per)

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Ugaona Brzina ω

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Balance Grade

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Dozvoljeno Ekscentricitet

Na osnovu klase kvaliteta uravnotežavanja G i radne brzine:

G — kvalitet balansiranja (mm/s)
n — radna brzina (RPM)
ω — ugaona brzina (rad/s) = 2πn/60

Ukupno Indikatorsko Čitanje

TIR izmjeren pokazivačem je dvostruka ekscentričnost (od vrha do vrha):

Scope of this check: e_per in ISO 21940-11 is a permissible residual unbalance (mass-centre eccentricity), not a geometric runout tolerance. TIR = 2 × e_per is therefore a screening value: if measured journal runout exceeds it, the mass-centre displacement from runout alone could already exceed the balance limit for the selected G grade. It does not replace the geometric runout tolerance on the shaft drawing, and a shaft with low TIR can still be out of balance (mass distribution), while measured TIR can include form error, bend, bearing seating or setup error that does not translate one-to-one into unbalance.

Ekvivalentno Neuravnoteženost

Praktični primjer

Primjer — Vratilo Pumpe G6.3 na 3000 RPM

Given: Speed = 3000 RPM, Grade = G6.3, Mass = 45 kg, Diameter = 40 mm

ω = 2π × 3000 / 60 = 314.16 rad/s

e_per = 6.3 × 1000 / 314.16 = 20.05 μm

TIR = 2 × 20.05 = 40.1 μm

U_per = 20.05 × 45 = 902.3 g·mm

Unbalance-Equivalent Runout Reference Table (screening values)

Grade	Speed (RPM)	e_per (μm)	Equivalent TIR (μm)
G6.3	750	80.2	160.4
G6.3	1500	40.1	80.2
G6.3	3000	20.1	40.1
G2.5	3000	7.96	15.9
G2.5	6000	3.98	7.96
G1.0	6000	1.59	3.18
G1.0	12000	0.80	1.59