About the experience of balancing the cardan shaft directly on the motor grader
Tulipata mawasiliano ya zamani kati ya mtaalamu wetu mkuu na mmoja wa wateja wetu.
Mawasiliano ya miaka kumi iliyopita!
Mwandishi: Valery Davidovich
Utangulizi
Lazima nikiri kwamba nilishangaa sana na kufurahishwa na matokeo ya barua iliyotuandikia Andrey Kobyakov, dereva wa greda ya gari.
His letter even surprised me – a specialist with more than 35 years of experience in the field of vibrodiagnostics and kusawazisha. And for a long time I worked in the defense industry and balanced more than 1500 different machines and mechanisms starting from ordinary fans and smoke pumps and finishing with antenna guidance systems and unique gyroscopes.
And here for the first time in the field balancing of a powerful road machine – a motor grader!!!, the driver of which Andrey works.
Kusawazisha shimoni ya kadiani, crankshaft na kikapu cha clutch moja kwa moja kwenye grader ya motor
Andrey acquired our balancing instrument “Balanset-1” quite recently – at the end of August this year (2012).
In a little over two months since then, he has managed not only to master the hardware and technology of balancing, but to eliminate without disassembly imbalance of the main units of his machine (driveshaft, crankshaft with clutch basket, wheels).
Hivi ndivyo Andrew anavyoelezea kazi aliyofanya katika mawasiliano yake nasi.
(Kwa idhini yake ninachapisha barua zake bila kupunguzwa na kuhariri).
1. Letter from A. Kobyakov dated October 18, 2012
Habari, Valery Davidovich! Nilitaka kukuandikia. Nilijua kufanya kazi na kifaa haraka na kila kitu kinapatikana kwa watu ambao hawajajiandaa kama mimi. Daftari yangu inakubali programu bila marekebisho. Mara yangu ya kwanza kuiweka kwenye kompyuta ya stationary, kusawazisha magurudumu, matokeo ni bora kuliko kwenye kufaa kwa tairi. Ilijaribu vishimo 2 papo hapo, kusawazisha kunaonekana kuwa sawa. Kwa ujumla, kifaa kilikutana na matarajio yangu kwa utendakazi mzuri kwa bei nzuri. Siku nyingine nilisawazisha flywheel kwenye grader ya motor ninayofanya kazi mwenyewe. Usawa wa awali ulikuwa zaidi ya 8000 g * mm, usawa uliobaki ulikuwa karibu 900 g * mm, na uvumilivu wa 400 g * mm. Ingeweza kufanya vizuri zaidi, lakini iliondoka kwa makusudi, kwa sababu utahitaji kusawazisha mkusanyiko wa clutch. Kisha tutalazimika kusawazisha kadi ya sanduku la gia kwenye grader sawa. Ni shida ya milele na wanafunzi wa darasa. Wakuu wangu walikuwa wa kejeli kuhusu kazi hiyo, lakini nadhani muda utasema.
Katika mchakato huo, swali liliibuka: unawekaje uzani wa kurekebisha kwenye uzani mmoja wa kusawazisha? Wakati wa kusawazisha gimbal ni rahisi zaidi. Kwa maoni yangu kwa ujumla itakuwa nzuri ikiwa programu inaweza kufanya hesabu kama hiyo.
2. Letter from A. Kobyakov dated October 31, 2012
Habari Valery Davidovich!
I want to tell you about the work done. As I told you, I tried balancing the clutch assembly. The first attempt was unsuccessful. Initial imbalance was over 28,000 g*mm. Made the conclusion- misalignment. After that the assembly was disassembled and inspected. Detected worn alignment holes in the clutch housing and abrasion of the adjacent housing flats. Intermediate disk normal, drives new, but of questionable quality (lining displaced). I chose the new one myself, only one of the four was balanced. That’s the case. Assembly was more carefully with the help of the device. My colleagues were giving me the finger with my temple. I made an interesting discovery: the intermediate disc is set only in one position out of three and the basket too. As a result I balanced it to 2600 g*mm. The mass of the whole assembly flywheel + intermediate drive + basket is about 80 Kilo, radius 430mm, speed 1900-2000 rpm. The engine is happy, it runs smoothly.
Zaidi ya kadiani. Jaribio la kwanza lilishindwa tena, lina uzito wa kilo 15, urefu wa 650mm.
Niliangalia flanges, misalaba, kila kitu ni sawa, lakini haiendi. Niliivua ile kadiani. Niliigeuza kwa nusu saa. Vivyo hivyo, niliona harakati kidogo ya radial katika moja ya misalaba. Mabadiliko ya buibui, kusawazisha.
Result: initial unbalance at the first plane 1600*mm, at the second plane 1000*mm. Residual unbalance at 1 plane 36 g*mm, at 2 plane 9 g*mm. Applause. Curtain. The bosses are shocked.
Valery Davidovich, unawezaje kutathmini kazi kama hiyo kama mtaalamu?
3. Letter from A. Kobyakov dated November 7, 2012
Valery Davidovich, habari! Hatimaye ninakutumia matokeo ya kazi yangu. Kwenye picha ni "furaha" ya kwanza ya jiji letu. Hakuna mtu aliyewahi kufanya kusawazisha kabla hata kwenye magari, achilia mbali mashine nzito. Isipokuwa ni majaribio yangu, yenye mafanikio zaidi au kidogo.
Katika picha tunaona shimoni kubwa zaidi, juu yake imewekwa na sehemu za bendi za fimbo ya risasi.
Mtini.1 Picha ya kadiani iliyo na uzani wa kurekebisha iliyosanikishwa kwenye ndege 1 na 2.
Unaweza pia kuona uzito wa kiwanda ukiwa umeunganishwa. Kwenye video unaweza kuona mzunguko mzuri wa shimoni. Hakuna harakati ya sanduku la gia (upande wa kushoto kwenye video). Hakuna uhamishaji wa injini (upande wa kulia) unaozingatiwa. Kuna upunguzaji mkubwa wa kelele kwenye kabati, mtetemo haujisikii. Dakika za kusawazisha 29/10/2012 kabla ya ukarabati wa driveshaft (badala ya mwanachama mmoja wa msalaba). Dakika za 31/10/2012 baada ya ukarabati. Itifaki zilizothibitishwa na fundi wetu, ambaye kwa bahati mbaya aliangalia kazi hii vibaya.
(Kumbuka: Kwa bahati mbaya, sikuweza kupata video yenyewe.)
Mtini.2 Picha ya kadiani yenye uzani wa kurekebisha iliyosakinishwa katika ndege ya 1 na 2.
Mtini.3. Picha ya gimbal yenye uzito wa kurekebisha kwenye ndege 2.
Mtetemo unabaki, lakini unaonekana mbele ya injini, labda kapi ya gari na shabiki. Sasa mwanafunzi wa darasa yuko nje ya zamu ya mapigano na majaribio yamesimama.
Nilianza kusawazisha flywheel ya mwanafunzi wetu wa darasa la pili na kurudi moja kwa moja kwenye ukarabati. Nilipata harakati ya axial na radial ya crankshaft. Baada ya kufungua kufunguliwa ilionyesha kuwa kusaga inahitajika.
Tafadhali nisamehe ikiwa nilikiuka sheria za fizikia, sikujua tu kuwa unaweza kufanya hivyo.
Hongera, Andrew.
Jibu barua za Kobyakov
Andrew, I compared your balancing results with the requirements for these rotors, which are reflected in ISO 22061-76 Machines and technological equipment. Balance quality grade system. General.
Nadhani itakuwa ya kuvutia kwako kulinganisha matokeo yako na uvumilivu wa ISO hii.
1. Crankshaft (pamoja na kikapu cha clutch n.k.)
Uvumilivu unapaswa kuendana na darasa la 6 la usahihi (tazama kiambatisho 1, ukurasa wa 13).
Katika darasa hili na saa 2000 rpm maadili yanayoruhusiwa ya mabaki yasiyo na usawa kwa kila ndege ni kati ya 40 na 100 µm (ona michoro kwenye ukurasa wa 3).
Imegeuzwa kuwa usawa wa mabaki unaokubalika kwa rota yako ya kilo 80, uvumilivu ni kati ya 3200 na 8000 g*mm.
Umefikia 2600 g*mm.
2. Shaft ya Cardan.
Uvumilivu unapaswa kuwa usahihi wa Daraja la 5 (ona Kiambatisho 1, ukurasa wa 13).
(Katika kesi ya shimoni ya kadiani haukutaja kasi, na nilichukua kwa masharti saa 2000 rpm).
Kwa darasa hili na kasi ya mzunguko ya 2000 rpm, usawa maalum unaoruhusiwa wa mabaki kwa kila ndege ni kati ya 15 na 40 µm (tazama michoro kwenye ukurasa wa 3).
Inapobadilishwa kuwa usawa wa mabaki unaoruhusiwa kwa shimoni ya pamoja ya kilo 15, uvumilivu huanzia 225 - 600 mm * mm.
Umefaulu kufikia 36 g*mm katika ndege ya kwanza na 9 g*mm katika ndege ya pili !!!!.
Hiyo ni ya kuvutia.
Salamu.
FVD
