ماتریس ارزیابی ریسک

A risk assessment matrix (RAM) is a visual tool that plots severity against likelihood to determine risk levels. It helps organizations prioritize hazards and allocate resources for risk mitigation in line with ISO 31000 and ISO 45001. The standards themselves do not prescribe a specific matrix — each organization defines its own risk criteria and scales.

Risk Score = Severity × Likelihood. Severity ranges from 1 (negligible) to 5 (catastrophic). Likelihood ranges from 1 (rare) to 5 (almost certain). Scores range from 1 to 25.

Low (1–3): Acceptable, monitor only. Medium (4–6): Tolerable with controls. High (8–12): Requires mitigation plan. Critical (15–25): Intolerable, immediate action needed.

ISO 45001 is the international standard for occupational health and safety management systems. It requires systematic hazard identification, risk assessment, and implementation of controls using tools like the risk matrix.

ISO 31000 provides general risk management guidelines applicable to any risk type (financial, operational, strategic). ISO 45001 specifically addresses occupational health and safety risks. Both use similar methodologies including the risk matrix.