Tebranish izolyatsiyasida uzatuvhanlik nima?

Uzatuvhanlik (T) — uzatilgan kuchning bezovtalovchi kuchga nisbati. T 1 means the mount amplifies vibration, which happens near resonance. Effective isolation requires operating well above the natural frequency (frequency ratio r > √2 ≈ 1.414).

To'g'ri montaj qattiqligini qanday tanlash mumkin?

The mount stiffness determines the system natural frequency. For effective isolation, the natural frequency should be at least 2.5–4× lower than the machine operating frequency. Lower stiffness = lower natural frequency = better isolation, but too soft causes excessive static deflection and instability.

Mashinani montaj qilish qurilmalari uchun odatiy so'nish koeffitsienti qancha?

Typical damping ratios: rubber mounts ζ ≈ 0.03–0.10, spring isolators ζ ≈ 0.01–0.03, air springs ζ ≈ 0.02–0.05. Higher damping reduces resonance amplification but slightly reduces high-frequency isolation efficiency.

Poydevor massasini oshirish tebranishni kamaytirishga qanday yordam beradi?

Umumiy massani (mashina + poydevor) oshirish bir xil qattiqlik bilan tabiiy chastotani pasaytiradi va chastota nisbatini oshiradi. Bu tizimni rezonansdan yanada uzoqroqqa suradi hamda izolyatsiyani yaxshilaydi. Og'irroq poydevori tezlantirishga qiyinroq bo'lib, tebranish amplitudasini bevosita kamaytiradi.

Rezonansda nima sodir bo'ladi (chastota nisbati r = 1)?

Rezonansda uzatuvhanlik keskin ko'tariladi. Past so'nish (ζ = 0.05) bilan T 10 baravar oshishi mumkin — ya'ni uzatilgan kuch bezovtalovchi kuchdan 10 marta katta bo'ladi. Shu sababli mashinalar hech qachon montaj qurilmalarining tabiiy chastotasida yoki unga yaqin holatda ishlamasligi kerak. Yurish/to'xtash jarayonida rezonansdan qisqa muddatli o'tish so'nishni oshirish orqali boshqariladi.

Muhandislik uchun bepul vosita

Mashina ta'siridan poydevor tebranishi

Mashinaning muvozanatsizligidan poydevorga uzatiladigan kuchni, uzatuvhanlik nisbatini, tabiiy chastotani va tebranish izolyatsiyasi samaradorligini hisoblab chiqing.

Uzatish koeffitsiyenti Izolyatsiya samaradorligi Tabiiy Chastota

Results

Poydevorga uzatiladigan kuch

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Uzatish koeffitsienti T

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Chastota nisbati r = ω/ω_n

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Tabiiy chastota f_n

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Muvozanatsizlik kuchi F_unbal

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Izolyatsiya samaradorligi

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Muvozanatsizlik kuchi

Mashinaning muvozanatsizligi natijasida yuzaga keladigan markazdan qochma kuch:

Tabiiy Chastota

Montajlardagi mashina–poydevor tizimining tabiiy chastotasi:

Bu yerda k tayanchlarning umumiy qattiqligi (N/mm × 1000 → N/m), m esa_jami = m_mashina + m_poydevor.

Uzatish koeffitsiyenti

So'nish hisobga olingan holda uzatiladigan kuchning ta'sir etuvchi kuchga nisbati:

r = ω/ω_n — chastota nisbati
ζ — so'nish koeffitsienti (o'lchamsiz)
T < 1 — izolyatsiya samarali
T > 1 — kuchaytirish (rezonansga yaqin)

Izolyatsiya samaradorligi

Amaliy Misol

Misol — Beton poydevorga o'rnatilgan vентилятор

Given: Mashina 500 kg, disbalans 3000 g·mm, 3000 RPM, poydevor 2000 kg, k = 5000 N/mm, ζ = 0.05

ω = 2π × 3000 / 60 = 314.16 rad/s

F_disbalans = 3000 / 1e6 × 314.16² = 296.1 N

ω_n = √(5,000,000 / 2500) = 44.72 rad/s → f_n = 7.12 Hz

r = 314.16 / 44.72 = 7.02

T = √(1 + (2×0.05×7.02)²) / √((1 − 7.02²)² + (2×0.05×7.02)²) ≈ 0.0253

F_uzatilgan = 296.1 × 0.0253 = 7.5 N

Isolation efficiency = (1 − 0.0253) × 100% = 97.5%

💡 Maslahat: Samarali izolyatsiya uchun chastota nisbati r > 3 bo'lishiga intiling (izolyatsiya samaradorligi > 88%). Bu tabiiy chastota ish chastotasidan kamida 3 barobar past bo'lishi kerakligini anglatadi.

Mashinadan poydevordagi tebranish | Uzatiladigan kuch

Published by Nikolai Shelkovenko on Fevral 15, 2026 Iyul 2, 2026

Results

Muvozanatsizlik kuchi

Tabiiy Chastota

Uzatish koeffitsiyenti

Izolyatsiya samaradorligi

Amaliy Misol

Do'kon

Tayanch

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